Substance Abuse Flashcards
T or F the majority of people diagnosed with a substance related disorder are unemployed
False
What drugs are most addictive?
Narcotics
Why do individuals that are substance dependent continue to use?
To avoid withdrawals
When is a person in remission most vulnerable to relapse?
Within the first year
How many clinical signs/symptoms must a person show to be diagnosed as substance dependent?
3 or more
How many signs or symptoms must a person show to be diagnosed with substance abuse disorder?
1 or more within 12 month period
- tolerance
- increased use over longer period of time
- withdrawals
- dedication to acquiring substance
- persistent desire to quit
- missing social, economic, or recreational events to continue use
- continued use despite physical or psychological problems
are signs of
substance dependence
What is the long term goal of treatment?
Abstinence
- failure to fulfill major role obligations at home, work, school
- continued substance use in situations that are hazardous
- reoccurring substance related legal problems
- no diagnosis of substance dependence
- continued use despite interpersonal problems
are symptoms of
substance abuse disorders
What are the short term goals of treatment?
Reduction in use and minimizing negative effects of use
When conducting a full clinical evaluation what are some things to discuss
- type of substance, duration, and frequency of use
- medical history
- severity if withdrawal symptoms
- mode of onset
- social history
- family history of substance use
- impact if use on everyday life
If a client has a substance abuse problem what should you do before referring them to therapy?
Refer to substance abuse treatment
Name some types of sub abuse tx
Detox, 12 step, self help, outpatient/inpatient, pharmacological, psychosocial, residential
T or F a person who spends at least 3 months in residential treatment is likely to have a better long term outcome
True
What are the most common psychosocial methods used to treat sub abuse to
CBT, psychodynamic, behavioral, self help, group and family therapy
When does fetal alcohol syndrome cause the most damage
First trimester
Name two syndromes associated with chronic alcohol abuse caused by a thiamine deficiency
Wernicke’s enceohalopathy & Korsakoff’s Syndrome
What disorders are linked to FAS
ADHD & facial malformation
What is Antabuse?
Aversion therapy
What is the strongest predictor for developing alcohol problems
Family history
Name some models on causes of substance abuse
- Biopsychosocial: wide variety of reasons
Medical/Biological: genetic, altered brain chemistry
Self-medication
Family & Environment: peer pressure, abuse, disorganized communities
Clinical: used to escape painful problems in life, poor coping mechanisms
Social: drug use is learned and reinforced by role models
Describe the AUDIT assessment
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test
Describe the CAGE AID assessment
cut down? annoyed? guilty? eye-opener?
Describe the TWEAK Test
Tolerance, Worried, Eye-opener, Amnesia, K (cut down)
Define Substance abuse
A maladaptive pattern of abuse leading to significant impairment in functioning or distress.
T or F to make a diagnosis of Substance Dependence, you do NOT need to have tolerance or withdrawal symptoms
True
T or F to make a diagnosis of substance dependence you need evidence of a significant impairment in functioning.
True
T or F Wernicke’s Encephalopathy if left untreated leads to Korsakoff’s Syndrome
True
Delirium, hallucinations, delusions, agitated behavior, autonomic hyperactivity (sweating and rapid pulse) are symptoms of what?
Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium
What is methadone?
synthetic narcotic taken instead of opiates; can be legally prescribed. Patient uses to detox from opiates or on daily basis as substitute for heroin.
high feeling, hyperactivity, restlessness, anxiety, impaired judgment, tachycardia, dilated pupils, perspiration or chills, nausea or vomiting, muscle weakness, increased blood pressure are symptoms of what?
cocaine intoxication
What are the stages of motivation of change?
- precontemplation
- contemplation
- action
- maintenance
- . termination
- relapse
Name some types of narcotics
Cocaine, codeine rack, heroin, opium, methadone
What are narcotics mostly prescribed for?
Pain
T or F the addiction potential for narcotics is low
False it is high
What are the effects of narcotics?
Initial high followed by relaxation
What are key indicators of narcotic use?
Track marks, extreme weight loss
What is the primary use if alcohol?
Recreation
What is the addiction potential of alcohol?
Low but increases with prolonged use
What are the effects of alcohol use?
Intoxication, relaxation
Confusion, slurred speech, depression, sleepiness, loss of control are the most common indicators of
alcohol use
Stimulants include what drugs
Amphetamines
What are stimulants prescribed?
Chronic fatigue and weight loss
What is the addiction potential of stimulants?
High
Rapid heartbeat, more energy, increase blood pressure and respiratory rate are effects of
stimulant use?
Name some common hallucinogens
LSD & mescaline
Why are hallucinogens used?
Recreation
Name some common depressants
Benzodiazepines & phenobarbital
What is the addiction potential of depressants
Moderate to high
Loss of control, dizziness, hallucinations are some effects of
hallucinogen use
Catatonia, sweating, trembling, sensitivity to light and sound are most common indicators of
hallucinogen use
Appear intoxicated, lack of coordination, controlled speech are common indicators of
depressant use
What is the most common use of cannabis
Recreation
Euphoria, loss of coordination/concentration, change in appetite, distortion in perception are common effects of
cannabis use
Blood shot eyes, out speech & behavior, distorted perception are most common indicators of what?
Cannabis use
Binge drinking is common among which population in the LGBTQ community?
lesbians
Alcohol dependent individuals are _____ times more likely to die from suicide
10
Which substances interfere with motor control and are factors in many automobile accidents
marijuana and alcohol
This addiction theory says there are a number of reasons people use substances and accounts for hereditary disposition, psychological problems, social influences
biopsychosocial model
This addiction model claims addiction is chronic, progressive, relapsing, and potentially fatal
medical model
This addiction model says substances relieve symptoms of psychiatric disorders
self medication model
This addiction model accounts for family and environmental factors
family and environmental model
This addiction theory says drug use is learned and reinforced from others who serve as role models
social models
Glassy eyes, loud talking, inappropriate laughter, sleepiness are signs of
marijuana use
contracted pupils, no response of pupils to light, needle marks, sweating, vomiting coughing, sniffling, loss of appetite are signs of
heroin use
