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Psych 2 > Substance Abuse > Flashcards

Substance Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

Substances most commonly misused by

A

College students

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2
Q

“Use”

A

drink, swallow, smoke, sniffs, ihales mind alt substance

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3
Q

“Abuse”

A

use of alc/drug for intoxication

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4
Q

“Addiction”

A

irresistible need to continue substance use/behavior despite the harm

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5
Q

Physical Dependence

A

physiological requirement for substance by the brain

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6
Q

Craving

A

urgent desire for substance/behavior, in response to triggers

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7
Q

Detoxification

A

safely withdraw a person from substance

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8
Q

Chemical hook theory

A

substance itself reinforces use

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9
Q

Alexander experiment

A

rats alone chose drug
rat park chose water

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10
Q

Impaired Response Inhibition and Salience Attribution

A

increased exposure to rewarding activity/substances, brain narrows its focus to just that

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11
Q

Alcohol

A

CNS depressant and euphoriant
0.1 0.01%
2 drinks per hour

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12
Q

Alcohol Abuse (3)

A

recurrent use in hazardous situations
legal problems,
failure to meet obligations,
despite social problems

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13
Q

Alcohol Dependence (5)

A

tolerance
withdrawal
increase time in alc activities in replace of important
drinking more/longer than desired
unsuccessful efforts

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14
Q

Korsakoff’s syndrome

A

Gradual onset; retrograde/anterograde amnesia

apathy/increase talking
confabulation/cackling laugh

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15
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal
Onset

A

as soon as 2 hours after last drink

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16
Q

Alcohol withdrawal
Early symptoms

A

Tremors, diaphoresis, rapid pulse, elevated BP

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17
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

A

Hallucination, grand mal seizure, changes in cognition

18
Q

Delirium Tremens

A

Severe alc withdrawal
ANS instability
mental changes
3-5 days after last drink

19
Q

Delirium Tremens Treatment

A

replace thiamine, niacin,folate, magnesium
Electrolytes
Benzos
Baclofen
Antipsych

20
Q

Cocaine

A

CNS stimulant
produces euphoric rush of mental alertness and energy, confidence, 10-20 min CRASH HARD

Can produce paranoia/psychosis

21
Q

Biological effects of Cocaine

A

Increase norepi(TACHY/HTTN)
dopamine (hallucination)
seratonin (paranoia)

22
Q

Cocaine withdrawal

A

sleep 12-18hr
sleep disturbances (rebound REM) lethargy, depression, suicidality,

23
Q

Amphetamines

A

block norepi/dopamine
affect PNS

24
Q

Methamphetamine

A

release dopamine
easy to make at ghome

25
Q

MDMA (Ecstasy)

A

causes hallucinations, confusion, depression, sleep problems, drug cravings

26
Q

Nicotine

A

CNS/PNS/ANS stimulant
toxic in high doses

27
Q

Nicotine Withdrawl

A

mood and physiologic changes

28
Q

Cannabis

A

binds with opioid receptor in brain to block dopamine, euphoric sense of calm, impairs ability to form memories, recall events, blunts responsiveness

29
Q

Hallucinogens
mushroom
LSD
mescaline

A

euphoria, altered body image, distorted/ sharpened visual perception

30
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

CNS depressants
decrease REM
withdrawal begin as long as 7 days

31
Q

Dissociative Anesthetics

Ketamine, PCP

A

reduce signals from conscious mind to other parts of brain

32
Q

“Club Drugs”

Molly

A

cause severe dehydration and hyperthermia

33
Q

GHB

A

CNS depressant
DATE RAPE DRUG
Used for narcolepsy

34
Q

Opiate withdrawal

A

rebound hyperexitability

N/V/D, hypotension
sleepiness, restlessness, agitation, dysphoria
bone pain, cramping

35
Q

Codependency

A

coping pattern result of living with someone of addiction

sacrificing self for relationship

s/sx abuse

36
Q

Assessment r/t addiction

A

ready for sobriety?
support sx
nonjudgemental approach
do not rescue
denial, rationalization

37
Q

Nursing intervention/treatment modiatility

A

SAFETY, harm reduction, prevent relapse
assure self awareness
meds
address deficits (cogition)
observe for withdrawal

38
Q

SAMI

A

treat both addiction and mental illness

39
Q

Motivational interviewing

A

acceptance facilitates change

express empathy, develop discrepancy, avoid argument, roll with resistance

40
Q

Relapse prevention

A

Keep it simple, review instruction, journaling, identify situations/triggers

REPEAT AS NEEDED

41
Q

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

A

alc causes gastric irritation, reduce B vitamins

Sx: Acute palsy, ataxia

Treat: IV Thiam

Psych 2 (10 decks)

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