substance abuse Flashcards
alcohol substance abuse signs
- erosion
- GORD
- hepatic failure
- need to use amid anaesthetics (not in liver, ise pseudocholinesterase), poor clotting and drug metabolism
- avoid aspirin, azoles and cepahlosporins
- 35x more likely to get oral cancer with synergistically taking with smoking
smoking substance abuse signs
- dry socket
- xerostomia
- smokers melanosis
- smokers keratosis (nicontic stomatitis)
- peridondal masking
- whartin’s tumour (8x more likely)
- need higher dose of
- sedatives
- post-op analgesia
heroin/methadone substance abuse signs
opiod family
methadone is rehab for heroin abuse
- methadone - high sugar contect - caries
- heroin - thrombocytopenia
- carbamazepine - dec effect of methadone
- heroin - poorer sedative effect
- heroin hard to find vessel for IV sedation
- delayed gastric emptying with opiods
cocain substance abuse signs
- vasoconstrictive effect can cause palatl communication
- loss of nasal septum
- loss of gingivae if rubbed topically/ulceration
- thrombocytopenia
- inc systemic effect of adrenaline
- seizure risk with GA
solvent abuse signs
- circumoral erythema (glue sniffers rask)
- status epileptus
- reduced half life of LA as it dulls down adrenaline
anabolic steroids substance abuse signs
aggresive pts (roid rage)
inc carb consumption = caries
poorer clotting
amphetamines/ectasy substance abuse signs
xerostomia
TMD
thromobocytopenia
hallucinogens (LSD) substance abuse signs
bruxism
TMD
risk of trauma (impaired judgement)
resp depression
panic attacks/flashbacks
oral side effects of cocaine
3
ulceration of gingiva
loss (erosion)of palatal mucosa - OAC
NCTSL - bruxism
LA and adrenaline after recent cocaine result in
inc HR - heart palpitations/failure leading to loss of consiousness
mood swings - may get aggresssive
4 negative side effects of opiate abuse
addition
vomitting/nausea
drosiness
tachcarida
methadone belongs to
opioids
environmentla and lifestyle factors inc caries for methdone prescirption pt
lifestyle - high dietray sugar, poor OH
environmental - SIMD - employment status, crime rates, income , non fluoridated water
negative to prescriing sugar free methadone
Sugar free methadone lacks chloroform therefore patient could inject this increasing the risk of adverse effects, e.g. HIV transmission through reusing needles
