SCD

Question 1

barriers to pt care

4 types

Answer 1

physical
attitudinal
people centred
professional centred

Question 2

impairment

Answer 2

any loss/abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical strucutre or function

Question 3

disability

Answer 3

restriction/lack of abilty to perform an activity in a manner within the range considered normal for a human being

Question 4

handicap

Answer 4

disadvantages for a given individual, resulting in an impairment or handicap
that limits/prevents normal role fufilamnet for that individual

Question 5

management techqniues for visual impairment

Answer 5

use nasmes
avoid nonverbals
inform pt of any movement
say what you will do before doing it

Question 6

management options for hearing impairments

Answer 6

ask about loop system
establish preferred method of communication
face person when speaking
use clear speech with normal lip patterns
be willing to repeat and rephrase

Question 7

4 types of cerebral palsy

Answer 7

spastic - stiff/jerky movement
athetoid - randon movement
hypotonic/rigid?
ataxic - balance and coordiantion issues

mixed

Question 8

dental features of cerebral palsy

e

Answer 8

poor OH
gingival hyperplasia (drugs)
enamel hyperplasia
bruxism
malocclusion
drooling
uncontrolled movements
enhanced gag reflex

Question 9

down syndrome
medical complications

4

Answer 9

• coronary heart disease
• inc risk of haematological malignancy - leukeumia
• epilepsy
• risk of early onset alzheimers
• peridontitis

Question 10

dental features
downs syndrome

6

Answer 10

• class III occlusion
• AOB
• macrogrossia
• hypodontia and microdontia
• maxillary hypoplasia and high vaulted palate
• predisposition to perio disease

Question 11

extra oral features of downs syndrome

5

Answer 11

• Large forehead
• Flat nose (hypoplasia of midface)
• Class 3 profile – small maxilla
• Widely spaced eyes
• Short neck

Question 12

management options for downs syndrome

Answer 12

Enhanced prevention throughout life
* Fluoride varnish application 4xyearly
* High fluoride toothpaste
* Fissures sealants – GIC likely
* 6 monthly radiographs

OHI modification
* Adapted toothbrushes – larger handles or double headed

Diet advice and sugar free medications

acclimatisation
* pre-visit - story
* quieter in surgery
* no waiting
* longer appts

Question 13

autism

Answer 13

life long development specturm disorder disablity affecting areas of brain controlling language, social interactions, and creative/abstract thinking

Question 14

features of autism

Answer 14

withdrawn/ isolated
socially awkward and naive
difficulty realting to people
Hypersensitivity
Obsessive habits
Learning difficulties
Non verbal possible/communication issues
interpret language literaly

Question 15

triad of autism impairment

Answer 15

communication
social interaction
imagination

Question 16

management for autism

Answer 16

pre-visit
* story boards
* ask the parent about likes/dislikes to ID triggers

appt
* longer
* quiet in surgery
* no wait times
* clear commands
* same nurse

acclimitisation may be required
prevention

Question 17

equality act

Answer 17

2010

protected characteristics
* age
* gender
* sexual orientation
* marital status / civil partnership
* pregnancy/materneity
* religious belief
* race/ethnicity
* disablity
* gende reassignemnt

Question 18

disabilty discrimination act

Answer 18

2004

Question 19

adults with incapacity act

Answer 19

2000

Assess options
Make decision
Communicate
Understand
Retain

section 47 certificate

Question 20

section 47 certificate
principles of use

Answer 20

Best interest intervention
Minimal intervention
Wishes of pt respected
Others consulted
Residual capacity of individual used

AWI 2000
need to have extra training to warrant it

Question 21

capacity defintion

Answer 21

ability to recieve impressions, knowledge and act/do something based upon knowledge received

Question 22

PoA types

Answer 22

Continuing - financial affairs and property

Welfare - health and personal welfare

Question 23

welfare guardian

Answer 23

court appointed individual when an individual without capacity becomes an adult
involves continuous management of welfare and financial matters for those who have never had capacity

Question 24

emergency situation when consent not required

Answer 24

preservation of life
prevent serious deterioration of life

e.g. spreading facial infection (airway at risk) and severe bleeding

Question 25

dentally fit

Answer 25

establish existing oral disease and postential risk of disease
remove any points of infection
establish good OH
develop maintenance and preventative plan

Question 26

side effects of cancer tx

Answer 26

xerostomia
mucositis
trismus
dysphagia
immunosuppression

Question 27

mucosititis

Answer 27

acute inflammation and ulceration of mucous membranes

management
* improve OH - CHX on gauze
* adjust ill fitting denture/sharp cusps
* muscosal shields/splints
* ice chips
* anaesthetic mouth wash - benzydamine

Question 28

grades of mucositis

Answer 28

0 - none
1 - mild - sore/erythema
2 - moderate - erythema, ulcers
3 - severe - oral ulcers (liquid diet)
4 - life-threatening - oral alimentation impossible

Question 29

dementia

Answer 29

syndrome of chronic progressive natural involving deterioation in cognitive function beyond what might be expected from normal ageing

affects - memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, language, judgement

Question 30

4 common types of dementia

Answer 30

alzheimers
vascular
lewy bodies
frontotemporal

Question 31

alzeheimers

Answer 31

beta amyloid proteins build up and reduction in size of cortex

Question 32

vascular dementia

Answer 32

reduced blood flow to brain causing ischaemia and necrosis

Question 33

lewy bodies dementia

Answer 33

deposits of lewy bodies in memory and muscle movement of brain areas

Question 34

frontotemporal dementia

Answer 34

ubiquitin associated clumps
assoc with TDP-43

Question 35

early signs dementia

Answer 35

STML
cofnfusion
poor judgement
indescision

Question 36

medium term symptoms dementia

Answer 36

mood changes
inc forgetfullness
may fail to recognise people
aggression
anger
distress

Question 37

late signs dementia

Answer 37

fail to regnise familar object/surroundings/people
inc physical frailty
difficulty chewing and swallowing
loss of speech

Question 38

ART

Answer 38

atraumatic restoration technqiue

removal of caries using hand excavaoty and RMGI resotraiton
no LA or handpieces

Question 39

communication techniques for elederly

Answer 39

rescuing
bridging
distraction
chaining