Substance Abuse 1 Flashcards
Screening questions for substance can be made with the acronym_______
CAGE
or
CARFFT
CAGE meaning and criteria
Cut down need Anger Guilty Eye opener * for men, a score of >=2 is a positive screen; for women, a score of >=1 is a positive screen
CRAFFT meaning
Car, use Relax, use to.... Alone Friends, lossing..l Forget, Trouble
Nemonic for substance abuse psychotherapy
FRAMES
meaning of FRAMES
Feedback Responsibility Advice Menu of options Empathy Self-Efficacy, explain them they are better whitout it
Which are the stages of substance abuse
Pre contemplative: denial contemplative: accepted Preparation: 1st steps Action: Behavior Maintenance: sustain
Alcohol
Signs and
symptoms of intoxication
Talkative, sullen, gregarious, moody, disinhibited Legal limit US (car operate)) 0.08 =2-3 drinks
Alcohol Treatment of
intoxication
Mechanical
ventilation if
severe
Coma coctail: thiamine D50 and naltrexone
Alcohol Signs and
symptoms of
withdrawal
Tremors, hallucinations, confusion that comes before seizures, delirium tremens Diastolic hypertnsion
Alcohol Treatment of
withdrawal
Benzodiazepines (clordiazep + diazep.. to avoid the short term symp, then tapper) ,
thiamine,
multivitamins,
folic acid
Amphetamines and cocaine (synthetic forms: bath salts) Signs and symptoms of intoxication
Euphoria, hypervigilance, autonomic hyperactivity, weight loss, pupillary dilatation, perceptual disturbances. Coc angina HTcrisis
Amphetamines and cocaine (synthetic forms: bath salts) Treatment of intoxication
Antipsychotics and/or benzodiazepines and/or antihypertensives
Amphetamines and cocaine (synthetic forms: bath salts) Signs and symptoms of withdrawal
Anxiety, tremulousness, headache, increased appetite, depression, risk of suicide. Cocaine bugs
Amphetamines and cocaine (synthetic forms: bath salts) Treatment of withdrawal
Bupropion and/or
bromocriptine.
Coca: 1 alpha blockade, then beta blockade
Cannabis (synthetic forms: K2 and spice) Signs and symptoms of intoxication
Impaired motor coordination, slowed sense of time, social withdrawal, increased appetite, conjunctival injection
Cannabis (synthetic forms: K2 and spice) Treatment of intoxication
Consider use of
antipsychotics if
patient is
psychotic
Cannabis (synthetic forms: K2 and spice) Signs and symptoms of withdrawal
Irritability, anger, anxiety, sleep problems, restlessness, appetite problems
Cannabis (synthetic forms: K2 and spice) Treatment of withdrawal
Symptomatic
Hallucinogens Signs and
symptoms of intoxication
Ideas of reference, perceptual disturbances, possible increase in psychosis, impaired judgment, tremors, incoordination, dissociative symptoms
Hallucinogens Treatment of
intoxication
Antipsychotics and/or benzodiazepines and/or talking down
Inhalants Signs and
symptoms of intoxication
Belligerence, apathy, aggression, impaired judgment, stupor, or coma
Inhalants Treatment of
intoxication
Antipsychotics
Opiates (synthetic form: desomorphine, a.k.a. krokodil) Heroin Signs and symptoms of intoxication
Apathy, euphoria*** dysphoria, pupillary constriction,⬇RespR drowsiness, slurred speech, coma, or death. Track markers
Opiates (synthetic form: desomorphine, a.k.a. krokodil) Heroin Treatment of intoxication
Naloxone. Narcotics Anonymus, medical assistant therapy w methadone or suboxone
Opiates (synthetic form: desomorphine, a.k.a. krokodil) Heroin Signs and symptoms of withdrawal
all over body PAIN Fever, chills, lacrimation, abdominal cramps, muscle spasms, diarrhea
Opiates (synthetic form: desomorphine, a.k.a. krokodil) Heroin Treatment of withdrawal
Clonidine,
methadone(kills the cravings), or
buprenorphine
Phencyclidine
(PCP) angel dust
Signs and
symptoms of intoxication
Belligerence, psychomotor agitation, violence, VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL nystagmus, hypertension, seizures
Phencyclidine
(PCP) angel dust Treatment of
intoxication
Antipsychotics and/or benzodiazepines and/or talking down. Acidify urine in order to enhance excretion
Anabolic
steroids Signs and
symptoms of intoxication
Irritability,
aggression,
mania,
psychosis
Anabolic
steroids Treatment of
intoxication
Antipsychotics
Anabolic
steroids Signs and
symptoms of
withdrawal
Depression, headaches, anxiety, increased concern over body’s physical state
Anabolic
steroids Treatment of
withdrawal
SSRIs
Liver alcohol metabolize rate?
0.03/h
0.2 EtOH intox
nausea and vomit
EtOH stimulates what neurotransmiter?
GABA, the brain inhibitor
BZD acute intox sympt
amnesia, delirium in elderly. Resp ⬇, coma (this 2 are hard to see unles mixed with another drug like EtOH=Rape drug)
MDMA synonym
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, commonly known as ecstasy, E, or molly,
MDMA intox symp
dilated pupil euphoric psycosis overheating inc hreart rate losst sense of water balance, inc water drinking. Water intox
Barbiturates intox
Same BZD effect but lower safety margin.
Nicotin addiction, treatment
Nicotin Patch, gums or Wellburtin (Bupropion) or Chantix (Varenicline)
