Subculture

Question 1

What is the sub cultural theory?

Answer 1

A smaller group of people that have different norms and values to the main culture
Sc may be deviant if criminal

Question 2

What is Merton strain theory?

Answer 2

Identifying different routes people can take
All different norms and values to the rest of society
Conformist main values , the rest of subcultures E.g. innovations, ritualistic, retreating and rebellion

Question 3

Who are other sub cultural apparoaches?

Answer 3

Cohen
Cloward and Ohlin
Miller
Matza
Messner and Rosenfeild

Question 4

Cohen- Lower class phenomena?

Answer 4

L/C to achieve mainstream success goals by legitimate means

Question 5

Cohen- legitimate illegitimate?

Answer 5

To obtain culturally approved goals e.g. wealth

Question 6

Cohen- Utilitarian crime?

Answer 6

Crime committed for material gain e.g. theft

Question 7

Cohen- Cultural deprivation?

Answer 7

Where a person has inferior norms, values and knowledge

Question 8

Cohen- Delinquent subculture?

Answer 8

Encourages and justifies behaviour defined as delinquent by larger society

Question 9

Cohen- Invert?

Answer 9

To gain respect for peers by doing the opposite to what you should

Question 10

Cohens- similarities to Merton strain theory?

Answer 10

That deveined is largely a lower class phenomenon and its a result from inhibitors of those into achieve mainstream success goals such as educational achievement

Question 11

Cohens- differences to Merton strain theory?

Answer 11

Merton sees deviance as an individual response to stairs, ignoring how much deviance in committed in or by groups
Non utilitiarianism crime

Question 12

What does Cohen w/c boys experience status frustration?

Answer 12

Status frustration as they face anomie in the m/c dominated school system as they suffer from cultural deprivation and lack of skills
As a result of being unable to achieve status by legitimate means e.g. education
They resolve this by rejecting mainstream m/c values and they turn to other boys in the same situations, forming/joining delinquent subcultures

Question 13

Cohen- alternative status higherarchy?

Answer 13

Offers the boys an alternative status higherarchy in which they can achieve
Failing the legitimate opportunity structure
Boys create own illegitimate opportunity structure in which they win status via peers from delinquent theory e.g. fighting

Question 14

Strengths of Cohens theory?

Answer 14

Offers explanation for non utilitarianism deviance
Unlike Merton whose concept of innovation on accounts for utilitarianism
It helps explain non economic delinquents e.g. vandalism and truancy

Question 15

Weekness of Cohen theory?

Answer 15

Assumes w/c boys share m/c success goals only when they reject these when they fail ignores the possibility that they didn’t share goals in first place so never saw themselves as failiures

Question 16

Cloward and Ohlin- similarities to Merton strain theory?

Answer 16

Agree w/c youths are denying legitimate opportunities to achieve money success and that their devience stems from the way they respond to a sktuation

Question 17

Cloward and Ohlin- differences to Merton?

Answer 17

Not everyone turns to innovation, ultilitarianims crimes such as theft
Difference subcultures respond in different ways to the lack of legitimate opportunity
E.g. turning to vandalsim and victim not economic crime and illegal drug use

Question 18

Cloward and Ohlin- what is legitimate opportunity structure?

Answer 18

Delinquents develop as young people aren’t able to achieve valued goals through conventional means
E.g. not everyone can be drug dealers due to the next work place