Sub-atomic Particles Flashcards
What does the word Sub-atomic mean?
Smaller than an atom
Sub-atomic particles have things in common:
- They all have mass
- They all have a charge
- They’re all found in an atom
Relative mass of Sub-atomic particles
Relative mass:
Proton= 1
Electron= 1/2000
Neutron= 1
The mass of a Electron is…
Negligible since it is so small
Negligible
Can be ignored since it doesn’t impact/affect anything
Masses of Sub-atomic particles
Proton= 1.6726 x 10^-24g
Electron= 9.1081 x 10^-28g
Neutron= 1.6749 x 10^-24g
Whys it easier to use Relative numbers instead of actual numbers when communicating mass of sub-atomic particles?
Very large numbers are hard to comprehend, hard to compare, and hard to use in calculations.
whats the unit fore electric charge?
Coulomb(C)
Charges of sub-atomic particles
Protons: +1
Electrons: -1
Neutrons: 0
Where are the sub-atomic particles found?
Protons: nucleus
Electrons: shells
Neutrons: nucleus
All atoms are neutral because..
Every atom has the same amount of protons as electrons, therefore they cancel out, resulting in a charge of 0
What happens if we add a neutron to an atom?
Changing the number of neutrons in an atom, changes its isotopic number.
Same AN: Doesn’t change since AN is the Proton number
Different RAM: Neutrons make up RAM, if changed, RAM changes
Charge: Stays neutral because neutrons don’t make up the charge of an atom
Isotope
Same number of protons, different number of neutrons
What happens if we add a electron to an atom?
Changing the number of electrons in an atom, makes an atom become and Ion.
Same AN: Doesn’t change since AN is the Proton number
Same RAM: Electrons don’t make up the mass
Charge: Becomes -1 since electrons are at an advantage since they have an extra electron
Ion
a charged particle(ions can be positively or negatively charged)
Changing the number of electrons in an atom changes its…
net electric charge
Resulting in the ending of an atoms name ending in “ide”
Example: Fluorine –> Fluoride
What if we add a proton to an atom?
Changing the number of protons, changes the identity of an atom(new atom).
Different AN: adding proton changes AN # because An # is proton count
Different RAM: adding proton affects RAM because protons make up RAM
Charge: Becomes +1 since protons are at an advantage since they have an extra proton
Therefore isotopic number changes, net electric charge changes, and identity changes.
If adding a proton to F, Fluorine becomes a Neon Cation
What if we take away a neutron?
Becomes an isotope.
Example: RAM of Fluorine is originally 19, it will become 18
What if we take away a electron?
-Charge becomes positive because protons are in an advantage.
-becomes Fluoride Ion
What if we take away a proton?
-Charge is negative since electrons are at an advantage
-Is an isotope(RAM changes)
-Becomes ion because electrons and protons aren’t equal
-identity changes because AM number changes
