Study Questions - Pharmacology Flashcards
This is the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
Pharmacokinetics
This is the most important organ for drug excretion
The kidneys
These (2) are the largest effect a drug can produce and the amount we must give to elicit the effect
maximal efficacy and relative potency (dose-response relationship)
This interaction occurs when one drug alters the effect of another
What is pharmacokinetic reaction
Most biotransformation occurs in this organ
the liver
These products do not require FDA approval
dietary supplements
the nurse should teach a patient prescribed statins that taking it with grapefruit juice can cause this problem
toxicity (excess drug levels in the body)
drug- food interactions can produce these effects
toxicity and therapeutic failure
This is the measure of a drugs safety
therapeutic index
the nurse knows that this process will be altered in an adult with liver disease
biotransformation or metabolism
The nurse recognizes this as the reason for an order that adds prn opiate dosing and increases standing opiate dosing in a terminal cancer patient
tolerance
this is a criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults
Beers Criteria
the study of how genetic variations can produce different drug effects
pharmacogenetics
only neurotransmitter that activates B2 adrenergic receptors
epinephrine
the nurse prepares to administer ketorolac to an 83 yr old patient. what finding would warrant withholding the medication and contacting the prescriber ?
history of a GI bleed
this is a priority nursing action to promote excretion of most anesthetics after inpatient surgery
IV hydration
the nurse knows that this type of agonist results in bronchodilation
beta 2 agonist
the nurse would question an order for an anticholinergic medication prescribed for a patient with what genitourinary problem
urinary retention
these are classified by chemical names, generic names and trade names
drug names
this is a noxious, unintended effect that occur at normal doses
adverse drug effect
This drug type is effective, safe and selective
Ideal Drug
these are molecules that activate receptors
agonists
this is a decreased response to a drug as a result of repeated drug administrations
tolerance
this is the study of what drugs do to the body and how they do it
pharmacodynamics
taking two medications at the same time can affect this process in the body
pharmacokinetic process (ADME)
this is the rapid hepatic inactivation of certain oral drugs
first- pass effect
this is the time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50%
half life
these produce their effects by preventing receptor activation
antagonists
a patient is prescribed clopidogrel to prevent blood clots after a myocardial infarction. The patient self prescribes omeprazole (OTC) for heartburn. Omeprazole inhibits the efficacy of clopidogrel. It is priority to teach the patient to report what effect?
Shortness of breath or chest pain
