Study Guide No. 7

Question 1

Employees are considered the backbone of the business. Without them, product manufactured, or service rendered will not be possible for consumers’ consumption.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Employees are primarily affected as stakeholders in terms of their economic well-being.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The Working Life: The Promise and Betrayal of Modern Work

Answer 3

Joanne B. Ciulla

Question 4

In the book of Joanne B. Ciulla, she contends that two common phrases

Answer 4

Get a job! And Get a life!

Question 5

Throughout history, people’s perceptions of work and employment have evolved from

Answer 5

Necessary evil to source of fulfillment

Question 6

For the ancient Greeks, work was seen

Answer 6

The god’s way of punishing humans

Question 7

In 1995, the company was burned to the ground.

Answer 7

Malden Mills Industries

Question 8

He paid end of the year bonuses of the employees and employees’ full benefits while the buildings were reconstructed.

Answer 8

CEO Aaron Feuerstein

Question 9

The contract and mutual understanding that exist between employee and employer.

Answer 9

Employee – Employer Contract

Question 10

This contract is largely unwritten and includes the beliefs, perceptions, expectations and obligations that make up the agreement between individuals and the organizations that employ.

Answer 10

Psychological contract

Question 11

Two groups that contribute to the development, maintenance and evolution of the psychological contract at work

Answer 11

Employees and employers

Question 12

A recent study of more than 5,000 employees indicates this rank order for their importance to employees

Answer 12

(1) social atmosphere
(2) career development opportunities
(3) job content
(4) work-life balance
(5) financial rewards

Question 13

This same sample ranked the organizational fulfillment of these promises as

Answer 13

(1) job content
(2) social atmosphere
(3) work-life balance
(4) career development opportunities,
(5) financial rewards

Question 14

The relationship between employer and employee was best characterized as a master-servant relationship.

Answer 14

Early 1900s

Question 15

Employees assumed a relationship with an employer that was more balanced in terms of power, responsibilities and obligations.

Answer 15

1920 and 1930

Question 16

Political commentator and sociologist C. Wright Mills criticized white collar work as draining on employees’ time, energy and even personalities.

Answer 16

1950s

Question 17

Organization researchers and managers began to question authoritarian behavior and consider participatory management styles that assumed employees were motivated and eager to assume responsibility for work.

Answer 17

1960s

Question 18

Employees wanted interesting work and a chance to demonstrate their skills.

Answer 18

Early 1970s

Question 19

A family analogy was being used to describe the workplace. This implied strong attention to employee welfare and prompted the focus on business ethics.

Answer 19

1980s

Question 20

The total quality management movement increase empowerment and teamwork on the job and led the charge toward workplaces simultaneously devoted to employee achievement at work and home.

Answer 20

1990s

Question 21

Employees showed that their greatest psychological need in the workplace is security, but they viewed many employers as terminators.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Process of eliminating employment positions. This process places considerable pressure on top management, causes speculation and tension among employees and raises public ire about the role of business in society.

Answer 22

Workforce reduction

Question 23

Workforce reduction, sometimes called

Answer 23

Downsizing or rightsizing

Question 24

Usually entails employee layoffs and terminations.

Answer 24

Downsizing or rightsizing

Question 25

The impact of the workforce reduction process depends on a host of factors, including corporate culture, long-term plans and creative calculations on both quantitative and qualitative aspects of the workplace.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Several issues to consider before restructuring the workforce

Answer 26

1. A comprehensive plan must be developed that takes into account the financial implications and qualitative and emotional toll of the reduction strategy.
2. Organization should commit to assisting employees who must make a career transition as a result of the reduction process.

Question 27

Employees who are kept well informed of the downsizing decisions process are more likely to retain positive attitudes toward the company even if they experience job loss.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Although workforce reduction is a corporate decision, it is important that employees role are recognized in these decisions. If they are recognized, they start asking themselves the what the company is doing and they start to take more responsibility for career growth and demanding balance in work and personal responsibilities.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

How can individuals potentially mitigate the onset and effects of downsizing?

Answer 29

1. All employees should understand how their skills and competencies affect business performance.
2. Employees should strive for cost-cutting and conservation strategies.
3. Today’s work environment requires that most employees fulfill diverse and varying roles.

Question 30

A common law doctrine that allows either the employer or the employee to terminate the relationship at any time as long as it does not violate an employment contract.

Answer 30

Employment at will

Question 31

One of the few responsibilities of the organization

Answer 31

Giving wage and benefits

Question 32

Refers to the additional pay for work performed in excess of 8 hours a day. It is computed as plus 25% of the hourly rate for work performed in excess of 8 hours on ordinary day and plus 30% of the hourly rate for work performed in excess of 8 hours on rest day, special day or regular holiday.

Answer 32

Overtime pay

Question 33

The minimum age of employment is 18 years for hazardous jobs, and 15 years for non-hazardous jobs.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Few of the agencies responsible for the said benefit for government and private employees.

Answer 34

Government Service Insurance System (GSIS)
Social Security System (SSS)

Question 35

An organization that represents the collective interests of employees. It helps workers unite to negotiate with employers over wages, hours, benefits, and other working conditions.

Answer 35

Labor union, also called a trade union or worker’s union

Question 36

The Occupational Health and Safety Act (OSHA) proposed rules to increase employer responsibility for ergonomics which is the design, arrangement, and use of equipment to maximize productivity and minimize fatigue and physical discomfort.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

The state of California OSHA has identified three types of workplace violence

Answer 37

(1) crimes committed by strangers and intruders in the workplace
(2) acts committed by nonemployees such as customer, patients, students and clients, who have regular and routine contract with
employees
(3) violence committed by coworkers

Question 38

There are laws and regulations that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, national, origin, color, religion and gender. These are fundamental rights to employees’ right to join and advance in an organization according to merit rather than one of the characteristics mentioned above.

Answer 38

Equal opportunity

Question 39

An unwelcome sexual advance, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature

Answer 39

Sexual Harassment

Question 40

Two categories of harassment

Answer 40

Quid pro quo
Hostile work environment

Question 41

A type of sexual extortion where there is proposed or explicit exchange of job benefits for sexual favors; e.g. telling an employee “you will be fired if you do not have sex with me.”

Answer 41

Quid Pro Quo

Question 42

Is less direct than quid pro quo and can involve epithets, slurs, negative stereotyping, intimidating acts, graphic materials that show hostility toward an individual or group, and other types of conduct that affect the employment situation, e.g. sending an e-mail that contain sexually explicit jokes that is broadcast to employees, a boss asking his employee to retrieve coins or keys from his pants.

Answer 42

Hostile work environment

Question 43

Is reporting individual or company wrongdoing to either internal or external sources.

Answer 43

Whistle blowing

Question 44

Employees recognize that when a company is investing in programs that not only improve operations but also increase empowerment and provide new opportunities to gain knowledge and grow professionally. Formal training and development give workers a better sense of where they fit and how they contribute to the overall organizations.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Focus on recruiting and retaining a diverse workforce as a business imperative.

Answer 45

Workplace diversity

Question 46

Hard-working, detail-oriented, uncomfortable with conflict; 1922-1943

Answer 46

Veterans

Question 47

Service-oriented, good team players, sensitive to feedback; 1943-1960

Answer 47

Baby Boomers

Question 48

Adaptable, independent, impatient; 1960-1980

Answer 48

Generation X

Question 49

Optimistic, technological savvy, need supervision; After 1980

Answer 49

Millennials (Generation Y)

Question 50

Veterans bring stability and loyalty to the workplace.
Boomers however are known for being self-centered, overly sensitive to feedback and not budget minded.
Generation X liabilities include being impatience, cynicism and inexperience.
Millennials (Generation Y) have some good points, but they still bring the liabilities in inexperience especially difficult with people issues.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

Having many responsibilities in home and work can be an added pressure to the employee to the point that he no longer identifies what is home and work.

Answer 51

Work-Life Balance

Question 52

Are programs considered to assist employees in balancing work responsibilities with personal and family responsibilities. There is no generic work-life programs.

Answer 52

Work/life programs

Question 53

Are primarily directed outside the organization so they are not that focused on employees. However, a recent study on the effect of employee volunteerism on organizational competitiveness and success reported that it increases employee productivity and builds teamwork skills.

Answer 53

Philanthropic activities

Question 54

Is an organization of any size in industry that is able to attract, optimize and retain the best employee talent over the long term.

Answer 54

Employer choice

Question 55

Best Practice of Employers of Choice

Answer 55

Foster openness
Foster community
Foster creativity
Foster loyalty
Foster responsibility
Foster individuality
Foster teamwork

Question 56

Give all employees full access to company information

Answer 56

Foster openness

Question 56

Install in employee a concern for coworkers and society at large

Answer 56

Foster community

Question 56

Allow workers to create their own work environments

Answer 56

Foster creativity

Question 56

Train workers extensively, then pay them generously for greater productivity

Answer 56

Foster loyalty

Question 57

Put new workers in charge and move them quickly through the ranks

Answer 57

Foster responsibility

Question 57

Allow workers to do their own thing, no matter how wacky their thing is

Answer 57

Foster individuality

Question 58

Throw out the old management hierarchy and encourage group over individual success

Answer 58

Foster teamwork