Study guide for final 12 / 16 / 24 Flashcards
What was the natural resource that provided fuel for industrialization?
coal
Which social class had the most entrepreneurs that drove indust. rev.?
middle class (bourgeoisie)
which eco. rev. mad possible the dynamic pop. growth that fed the demand for workers?
agri. rev.
which fin. institution, founded in 1694, provided much capital for indust. rev.?
bank of Eng.
Which innovation by Watt applied to machines in factories in the 1780s, was the cornerstone of industrial rev.?
steam engine
Who dev. the puddling furnace for purifying iron while creating machines that could mold iron into any shape?
Henry Cort
What was the most important innovation of transportation rev.?
railroad
which invention of Robert Fulton allowed rivers to become 2-way arteries?
steamboats
what did John McAdam dev. for a better way to travel on land?
hard-surface road
who dev. the first locomotive, The Rocket, in 1828?
George Stephenson
What transportation innovation is Duke of Bridgewater credited with?
canals
which 1833 law outlawed child labor for children under 9 in textile industry and reduced hours for older children?
factory act
which highly controversial tariff was enacted in 1815 to enrich landowners?
corn law
which Brit. law really disgruntled workers in 1799 when it made labor unions illegal?
combination acts
which 1842 law prohibited all boys and girls under the age of 10 from working underground?
mines act
which influential body inspired reforms after concluding that working conditions in factories were deplorable?
saddler commission
which 2 isms took the proletarian view in response to the exploitation of workers during industrial rev?
socialism and communism
which group of disgruntled Eng. workers smashed machinery in factories in protest of industrial and their lost jobs?
Luddites
Which Scot. industrialist formed the first labor union in Eng. in 1830s?
Robert Owen
Which movement demanded universal male suffrage?
chartists
Which socialist writer accused the middle class of “mass murder” in the condition of working class in England (1844)?
Friedrich Engels
Which western city became the epicenter of industrial rev in Eng?
Manchester
What places became, in effect, industrial prisons for workers who were unemployed?
Poor houses
What cast-iron and glass structure became a symbol of Britains’s Industrial dominance in 1851?
Crystal Palace
which was the new German customs union in the 1830s that created a free trade zone among member states
Zollverein
which French bank pooled the resources of many investors for the construction of industrial projects?
Credit Mobilier
Which was the most important reason why Continental Europe lagged behind England industrially during the early-19th center?
Napoleonic Wars
In which industry did the Industrial Revolution begin in?
Textile industry
