Study guide for Exam 2

Question 1

What is the process of attracting people with the right qualifications to apply for the job known as?​

Answer 1

Recruitment

Question 2

What do realistic job previews involve?

Answer 2

involve giving an applicant an honest assessment of a job; number 27 on chapter

Question 3

What are the different types of interview questions? Be prepared to be tested via the presentation of definitions and/or example questions. For assistance, please review example questions in PowerPoint presentation.

Answer 3

number 45, 46, 47
clarifiers
disqualifiers
past-focused 
skill determiners
future focused
organizational-fit

Question 4

Which recruitment method is based on the same principles used to market products to consumers where help wanted ads are posted at the organization’s entrances and exits where customers can easily see the ads?

Answer 4

point-of purchase methods

number 18

Question 5

Compare and contrast unstructured interview vs structured interviews with respect to reliability, validity, and legal defensibility.

Answer 5

unstructured interview are unreliable
not valid
legally problematic
number 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 35,36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41

Question 6

interviewers base their decisions on gut reactions or intuition, interviewers are not good at using intuitive ability to predict behavior

Answer 6

poor intuitive ability

Question 7

questions asked are not related to any particular job; many of questions are illegal; are u married? do you have any health problems? do you own an automobile and/or home?

Answer 7

lack of job relatedness

Question 8

information presented prior to the interview or early in the interview carries more weight than does information presented later in the interview; interviewers decide about a candidate within the first few minutes; interviewers rate the applicant’s response after each question or a series of questions rather than waiting until the end

Answer 8

primacy effect

Question 9

the interview performance of one applicant affects the interview score given to the next applicant

Answer 9

contrast effect

Question 10

Which recruitment method is based on providing employees a financial incentive for recommending applicants who are subsequently hired and remain on the job for a specific period of time?

Answer 10

employee referrals

Question 11

Which recruitment method is based on using an organization that specializes in finding jobs for applicants in order to find applicants? ??????

Answer 11

employment agencies

Question 12

Which of the selection methods has applicants perform tasks that replicate actual job tasks?

Answer 12

work samples

Question 13

What are truths regarding the use of grade point average for employee selection?

Answer 13

Valid predictor of performance, on the job training performance, starting salary, promotions, grad school performance-most predictive in first few years after graduation-will result in high levels of adverse impact-people with high GPA’s are intelligent and conscientiousnumber 13

Question 14

Which of the selection methods uses multiple techniques and multiple observers to evaluate applicants as they perform different job-related tasks?

Answer 14

assessment centers

Question 15

Which tests are designed to tell an employer the probability that an applicant would steal money or merchandise?

Answer 15

integrity tests

Question 16

What are tests that are designed to tap the extent to which an applicant can learn or perform a job-related skill and are used primarily for occupations in which applicants are not expected to know how to perform the job at the time of hire; instead, will be taught the necessary job skills and knowledge referred to as?

Answer 16

job ability tests

Question 17

What are tests designed to measure the level of intelligence or the amount of knowledge possessed by an applicant referred to as?

Answer 17

cognitive ability tests

Question 18

Which tests directly ask for attitudes about theft and occurrences of theft behavior?

Answer 18

overt integrity tests under paper and pencil testing

Question 19

What are the methods used for evaluating prior experience?

Answer 19

• application/resumes
• interviews
• reference checks
• biodata instruments- an application blank or questionnaire containing questions that considers an applicant’s life, school, military, community, and work experience

Question 20

Which tests measures the physiological responses that accompany the verbal responses an individual makes to direct questions asked by polygraph operator?

Answer 20

polygraph testing under electronic testing

Question 21

What are the different methods of determining reliability? Be prepared to be tested via the presentation of definitions and/or scenarios.

Answer 21

test-retest(temporal stability)
alternate forms(form stability)
internal reliability(item stability)
scorer reliability(rater agreement)

Question 22

Which measure of validity measures the extent to which a test found valid for a job in one location is valid for the same job in another location?

Answer 22

validity generalization

Question 23

Which measure of reliability measures the extent two scores from alternate forms of a test are correlated and similar?

Answer 23

form stability

Question 24

Which research design used to measure the degree of criterion validity entail the following: (a) The test is administered to a group of job applicants who are going to be hired; and (b) the test scores, which are not used in the actual hiring decision, are then compared to a future measure of job performance/behavior.

Answer 24

predictive

Question 25

In industry, what is used to establish the content validity of selection tests or test batteries?

Answer 25

job analysis

Question 26

A test is considered to have what if there are race differences in test scores that are unrelated to the construct being measured?

Answer 26

measurement bias

Question 27

Which hiring decision strategy entails the following: An HR director determines that all applicants who receive at least an 81 on their test will be able to perform the functions of the job.

Answer 27

passing score

Question 28

Which hiring decision strategy takes into consideration the standard error of measurement associated with any test score?

Answer 28

banding- SEM

Question 29

What are the steps in constructing a structured interview?

Answer 29

- conduct a thorough job analysis - determine best way to measure each ksao - construct questions - determine rating anchors for each question - choose two or more members for the interview panel

Question 30

What are the different approaches to making a hiring decision? Be prepared to be tested via the presentation of definitions and/or scenarios

Answer 30

Unadjusted top down selection Passing scores Banding

Question 31

What are the different forms of formal/direct recruitment methods; what are the different forms of informal/indirect recruitment methods? Be prepared to be tested via the presentation of definitions and/or scenarios

Answer 31

formal/direct: - media advertisements - point of purchase - direct mail - college recruiters - special events(job fairs) - employment agencie - computer databases - employee referral programs informal/indirect: - situation-wanted ads - direct applicants - employee referrals

Question 32

What are the common rating problems of unstructured interviews?

Answer 32

- poor intuitive ability - lack of job relatedness - range restriction - primacy effect - contrast effect - negative information bias - interviewer/interviewee similarity - interviewee appearance - nonverbal ccues

Question 33

What are the different styles of interviews? Be prepared to be tested via the presentation of definitions and/or scenarios.

Answer 33

*one-on one*serial*return*panel*group*serial-panel-group

Question 34

Which type of interview would be poor at predicting future performance because it is unreliable, not valid, and legally problematic?

Answer 34

unstructured interview

Question 35

What are the different criteria a company can use to evaluate the effectiveness of a recruitment strategy?

Answer 35

- time to fill - retention rates - cost per hire - number of applicants - job performance of new hires - eeoc/diversity impact

Question 36

What are the different rating anchors for scoring interview responses? Be prepared to be tested via the presentation of definitions and/or example questions. For assistance, please review example rating approaches in PowerPoint presentation.

Answer 36

-correct/incorrect approach -typical answer approach -key issue approach look in powerpoint slide 33

Question 37

Which tests contain measures of finger dexterity and motor coordination?

Answer 37

psychomotor ability tests

Question 38

What are tests that are designed to measure the amount of job-related knowledge an applicant possesses referred to as?

Answer 38

job knowledge tests

Question 39

Which tests are designed to tap an applicant’s interest in particular types of work or careers?

Answer 39

interest inventories

Question 40

Which tests measure a collection of traits that persist across time and situations and differentiate one person from another?

Answer 40

personality inventories

Question 41

What is the process of confirming the accuracy of information provided by the applicant is called?

Answer 41

reference check

Question 42

Which tests measure an applicant’s level of physical ability required for a job?

Answer 42

physical ability tests

Question 43

What are tests that measures of facility with such processes as spatial relations and form perception referred to as?

Answer 43

perceptual ability tests

Question 44

Which tests measure traits linked to several theft related employee behaviors that are detrimental to the organization?

Answer 44

-personality based measures(type of paper and pencil testing under integrity tests

Question 45

What is the extent to which a score from a test is stable and free from error referred to as?

Answer 45

reliability

Question 46

Which measure of validity measures the extent to which a test score is related to some measure of job performance?

Answer 46

criterion

Question 47

Which measure of validity measures the extent test takers believe items on a test measure what they are supposed to measure?

Answer 47

face validity

Question 48

What does the test-retest reliability method measure?

Answer 48

temporal stability

Question 49

What measure of reliability is an issue especially in projective or subjective tests in which human judgment of performance is involved in the selection process?

Answer 49

interrater reliability; scorer reliability

Question 50

How is construct validity determined?

Answer 50

determined by correlating scores on one test with scores from another similar test

Question 51

If a test is valid for two groups, but more valid for one than the other it is said to have what?

Answer 51

differential validity

Question 52

Which hiring decision strategy entails the following: (a) The top three or five scorers’ names be given to the person making the decision; and (b) then applicants are chosen based on immediate needs of the company.

Answer 52

rules of "three or "five"

Question 53

Which hiring decision strategy entails results in high levels of adverse impact and less flexibility in decision making and ignores measurement error?

Answer 53

unadjusted top-down selection

Question 54

negative information is weighed more heavily than positive information

Answer 54

negative information bias- unstructured interviews

Question 55

interviewers rate interviewees higher when there are shared similarities(race, gender, personality)

Answer 55

interviewer/interviewee similarity

Question 56

the appearance of the interviewee affects interview ratings; interviewees have an advantage if they are: physically attractive dressed well and conservatively

Answer 56

interviewee appearance

Question 57

the presence or absence of nonverbal cues affects interview ratings; appropriate nonverbal cues: eye contact, smiling, head nodding

Answer 57

nonverbal cues

Question 58

questions that allow submitted information to be clarified and missing information to be obtained

Answer 58

clarifiers

Question 59

questions that must be answered a particular way or the applicant is disqualified

Answer 59

disqualifiers

Question 60

questions that focus on previous behavior and previous demonstrations of job-related behavior

Answer 60

past focus questions: patterned behavioral description

Question 61

questions that tap into an interviewee's level of expertise

Answer 61

skill level determiners/knowledge focus questions

Question 62

questions that ask applicants what they would do in a particular situation

Answer 62

future focus questions: situational questions

Question 63

questions that tap the extent to which an applicant will fit into the culture of an organization or with the leadership style

Answer 63

organizational fit questions

Question 64

assumes that those with higher test scores will be better workers. test scores are literally indicative of performance; choose the applicants with the highest test scores; select the employee with the highest scores and move down until all the openings are filled

Answer 64

unadjusted top down selection approach

Question 65

who will perform at an acceptable level?; a point in a distribution of scores that distinguishes acceptable from unacceptable performance; should be reasonable and consistent with expectations of acceptable profeciency; The organization would have to determine the lowest score on the test that is associated with acceptable performance or minimum competency. Once you set your passing score, you can fill the openings with any applicant who scores at or above that level

Answer 65

the passing scores approach

Question 66

used when there is more than one test where each has a passing score, when one score can't compensate for another, or when the relationship between the selection test and performance is not linear

Answer 66

multiple passing scores approach

Question 67

applicants must meet or exceed the passing score on more than one selection test

Answer 67

multiple-cutoff approach

Question 68

administering one test at a time, with the least expensive tests being administered first; applicants must pass that test before being allowed to take the next test

Answer 68

multiple hurdle approach

Question 69

statistical techniques based on the standard error of measurement that allows similar test scores to be grouped while still allowing some flexibility or affirmative action; a compromise between the unadjusted top-down and passing scores approach

Answer 69

banding

Question 70

five categories of banding

Answer 70

top-down(most inflexibility), rules of "three" or "five", traditional banding, expectancy bands, SEM banding (standard error of measurement)

Question 71

measures temporal stablility; same applicants, same test, two testing periods; scores at time one are correlated with scores at time two; correlation should be above .70

Answer 71

test-retest reliability

Question 72

two forms of the same test are developed, and to the highest degree possible, are equivalent in terms of content, response process, and statistical characreristics; one form is administered to examniees, and at some later date, the same examinees take the second form; scores from the first form of test are correlated with scores from the second form; if those scores are highly correlated, the test has form stability

Answer 72

alternate forms reliability

Question 73

defines measurement error strictly in terms of consistency or inconsistency in the content of the test; used when it is impractical to administer two separate forms of a test; with this form of reliability the test is administered only once and measures item stability and item homogeneity

Answer 73

internal reliability

Question 74

extent to which similar items are answered in similar ways

Answer 74

item stability

Question 75

extent to which test items measure the same construct

Answer 75

item homogeneity

Question 76

involves one interviewer interviewing one applicant

Answer 76

one on one

Question 77

involves a series of single interviews

Answer 77

serial

Question 78

involves a passage of time between first and subsequent interview

Answer 78

return

Question 79

involves multiple interviewers interviewing the same applicant at the same time

Answer 79

panel

Question 80

involves multiple applicants being interviewed during the same interview

Answer 80

group

Question 81

involves a combination of the above styles

Answer 81

serial-panel-group

Question 82

a method of scoring interview answers on the basis of whether the answers given were correct or incorrect

Answer 82

right/wrong approach

Question 83

a method of scoring interview answers that compares an applicant's answers with benchmark answers; example-standard answers to interview questions, the quality of which has been agreed on by job experts

Answer 83

typical-answer approach

Question 84

a method of scoring interview answers that provides points for each part of an answer that matches the scoring key

Answer 84

key-issues approach