Study Guide Ch.1 Intro Flashcards
Homeostasis Definition of emergent property
Homeostasis is the regulation of the body‘s internal environment and emergent property is the unique properties that are greater than the sum of its parts example car.
Teleological
Thinking about physiological event in terms of adaptive significance. example: why red blood cells transfer oxygen is because cells need oxygen and red blood cells bring it to them states the Why but not the how.
Mechanistic
Physiological approach example of the process of how
ex : how do red blood cells carry oxygen by binding to hemoglobin says how but doesn’t emphasize why
Extracellular and intracellular fluid
Extracellular fluid: Sea within the body surrounding cells and
intracellular fluid: is the fluid inside the cells
Mass balance
An open system that requires equal input and output to maintain homeostasis
Feed forward control
Allows for anticipated changes in response loop example smell making you salivate compared to a negative feedback the only response to existing stimulus
Dynamic steady state
Dynamic and changing to have a steady level with Input and output from internal and external factors
Circadian rhythm
Physical mental and behavioral changes that follow 24 hour cycle
Disequilibrium
A steady state can be disequilibrium example internal and X ternal cellular fluid
acclimatization
The beneficial physiological adaptation occurs during repeated exposure to a hot environment
Setpoint
The level or point at which is variable physiological a state tends to stabilize example body temperature or weight
Systemic
Entire body system reflex control automatic nervous system example blood pressure
Describe the relationship between structure and function and provide examples with in biological systems
The ability of an individual molecule to bind or interact with other molecules is essential for biological function. A molecules function depends on its structure or shape and even a small change to the structure of shape may have significant effects on function example: hand has a certain function and the ears unction
Describe the concepts of mass balance and dynamic steady state as they relate to homeostasis and provide examples
Mass balance: is an open system of equal and put an equal output I needed for homeostasis
the dynamic state: is the constant change of the body composition in order to maintain mass balance
Example water in body maintains blood pressure 
List and describe the components of simple control systems. In what ways are local control is utilized the body and how do they differ from reflex controls
Simple control system: input signal, integrating center, output signal.
Local control: simplest form of a control system that uses paracrine and autocrine signals restricted to cell tissue at which the change took place.
Reflex control: more complex control system involving a long distant systemic regulation that utilizes the nervous and endocrine systems that are reflexes that automatically happen via autonomic nervous system that can be broken into component response loops And feedback loops. Ex blood pressure.
