Study Guide 2 Note Cards

Question 1

Chain of Transmission

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Answer 1

• Agent
• Host (Reservoir)
• Portal of entry & exit
• Incubation Period / Host susceptibility

For a disease to be communicable, you need a portal of exit, means of transmission, & a portal of entry

Question 2

What is needed for a disease to be communicable?

Answer 2

• portal of entry
• portal of exit
• means of transmission

Question 3

Epidemiologic Triad

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Answer 3

Health model based on the belief that…

health status is determined by an interaction of characteristics of the host, agent, & environment; it is NOT just a single factor

Question 4

What is the difference between descriptive & analytic epidemiology research?

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Answer 4

• Descriptive: DESCRIBES issues / studies using subjective information
• Analytic: uses DATA to determine problems & resolution

Question 5

What types of research are considered to be DESCRIPTIVE Epidemiology Research? What do they describe?

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Answer 5

Types of Descriptive Epidemiology Research:
* Case studies
* Surveys
* Cross-sectional studies

DESCRIBES - Who, what, when where of the issue / illness

Question 6

What are the 2 types of Analytic Epidemiology Research & what are the “subgroups” fall into these two categories?

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Answer 6

Non-Experimental
* cohort / prospective studies
* case-control (retrospective) studies

Experimental
* preventive & therapeutic trials
* RCTs = gold standard

Question 7

What are the two types of analytic epidemiology research?

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Answer 7

• Non-Experimental Research
• Experimental Research

Question 8

What are the types of non-experimental research that fall under analytic epidemiology research?

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Answer 8

• cohort / prospective studies - longitudinal
• case-control / retrospective – work backwards from the effects to the suspected cause

Question 9

What are the different types of experimental research that falls under analytic epidemiology research?

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Answer 9

• Randomized Control Trial (RCT) = Gold Standard of Trials
• Preventive trials
• Therapeutic trials

Question 10

List & describe the 3 types of descriptive epidemiology research.

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Answer 10

• Case Studies – specific group
• Survey Research – current population
• Cross-Sectional – compare with other variables