Study Cards - UNIT 7 / SKIN Flashcards
What auto-immune skin disease causes hard patches of skin to form?
Scleroderma, also called “Crest Syndrome”
What is a common way a nurse will give a vaccine to a child?
Using a hypodermic needle
HYPO= Under
DERM = Dermas/Skin
What is a skin condition that causes scaly patches and red skin, mainly on the scalp.
On baby this is called “Cradle Cap”
Seborrheic dermatitis
The skin on your scalp looks HORRIBLE.
SebORRheic dermatitis
What is another term for “Hives” a raised, itchy rash that appears on the skin. It may appear on one part of the body or be spread across large areas.
Urticaria
You are itching a lot
U-R itching a lot
URTICACIA
Lupus ______________ is the most common kind of lupus and may have a red rash appear on the cheeks.
Lupus erythematosus / “SLE”
What is the largest organ of the body ?
The skin
The skin uses sensory receptors to receive information about….
Pain, Touch, Temperature, Pressure. It sends this information to the spinal cord and the brain.
PTTP
The MAIN PURPOSE of skin is ?
To protect the internal organs of the body
What are the 3 layers of skin?
epidermis: outer layer
dermis: middle layer
hypodermis: bottom layer
Which layer contains “accessory organs?”
DERMIS layer (MIDDLE Layer)
What ARE the accessory organs
hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands (produce oil for hair follicles)
ACCESSORY ORGANS = “BEAUTY SALON” ORGANS
Hair
Nails
Sweat (get clean)
Sebaceous glands (oil for hair)
How does sweat develop a smell ?
When it touches bacteria on the skin
If a patient goes to the dermatologist with an acne problem, what ACCESSORY ORGANS are involved?
-Sweat glands
-Sebaceous (oil) glands, they secrete sebum, an oily substance, into hair follicles or sometimes through skin surface pores
What is a common skin condition that causes DRY SKIN
Excema
My skin is EXtra dry.
EXcema
What is a skin disease that causes a rash with itchy, scaly patches, most commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk and scalp. This is an autoimmune disease.
Psoriasis
This condition is caused by blocked hair follicles and oil (sebaceous) glands of the skin, often triggered by hormonal changes.
Acne
What is a medical term for “the body’s outer layer”
Integumentary system
What is the rare condition when there is complete absence of melanin from the skin and hair.
Albinism / Albino
The condition of dry or scaly skin
ichthyoderma
“itchy” derma = itchy skin
condition in which skin is blue (from not having enough oxygen)
cyanosis
“see-ya” in the blue SKY when I DIE from no oxygen
see ya = CYA
skin condition in which the skin is hardened
scleroderma
the BiCYCLER fell on the hard ground
SCLER = CYCLER
abnormal condition of not sweating
anhidrosis
AN = term for “Without”
Without Hydration / Hidrosis
A for anhidrosis
A for abnormal
pertaining to [SOMETHING EXISTING] under the skin
A ________ infection exists in Kathy’s finger. INFECTION is the “something”
subcutaneous
the SUBmarine is UNDER the water
pertaining to under the skin
99% of the time is associated to needles or injections
hypodermic
A red skin condition
erythroderma
cancerous tumor
carcinoma
“on the skin”
dermal / derma
Who is the “father of dermatology”. What year did he publish the first book about dermatology ?
Louis Alibert
Year: 1806
What is the MAIN PURPOSE of the Skin?
The main purpose of skin is to protect the internal organs of the body by keeping germs OUT and keeping the organs IN.
What gives skin it’s color ?
MELANIN, found in the epidermis
Different AMOUNTS of Melanin = different colors/tones of skin
There are two types of sweat glands:
eccrine and apocrine glands.
Where are the ECCRINE glands ?
feet, forehead, upper lip, and palms of the hands
Where are the APOCINE glands?
groin, armpits, scalp, and anal region.
How many liters of water does the body sweat in hot weather ?
10-12 liters of sweat per day
What is the purpose of SEBUM GLANDS
They secrete oils through the opening of the hair follicle to protect your hair and your skin
These catch bacteria, viruses, and other harmful agents before they enter the body to cause disease.
Mrs. Callahan is scared of the dark, and the power went out in her house at night. Her hair is “standing up” and she has goosebumps.
What exactly is happening ?
Each hair is attached to a muscle called the arrector pili that causes the hair to stand up. This muscle contraction happens in response to cold or even fear and causes goosebumps.
How fast do fingernails grow?
3.5 mm per month
Most people’s skin is either ________ or __________ , or a combination of the two.
DRY, OILY
What is ECZEMA
a common skin condition that causes very dry skin, itchy rashes, blisters, and crusting. The size of the rash can range from one small area to the entire body.
What is the name of a blister type sore on or around the mouth, caused by the herpes simplex virus and may actually feel like its burning, itching, or sore.
COLD SORE
What causes chicken pox ?
varicella zoster virus
This condition is caused by a fungus that gets into bare feet in wet, public places like swimming pools and locker rooms. Symptoms of this condition include itchy, flaky, and cracked spots between the toes and on the soles of the feet.
ATHLETES FOOT
This condition is a contagious bacterial infection of the skin. It causes sores or blisters that may itch and bust, causing them to crust over.
Impetigo
Important: BACTERIA, CONTAGIOUS
This is a condition that causes the skin to be yellow. It can happen from infancy to adulthood. The yellow color comes from a build up of bilirubin in the body.
JAUNDICE
This is is a condition in which the skin dies because of necrosis, or lost blood supply to that area. Since the tissue is dead, it must be removed.
GANGRENE
What is the medical term for a sore that is found on areas where a bone sticks out? In other words, places like elbows, knees, buttocks, and hips are prone to these sores. This condition is most often seen in people who are bedridden and lay in one position for too long. You may hear someone call these bed sores or pressure sores.
decubitus ulcer
A ___________ -degree burn, also called superficial burns, only affect the epidermis and cause redness, dryness, and some pain, but no blisters. A sunburn falls into this category.
FIRST
A _____________ -degree burn, partial thickness burns, affect the epidermis and the top part of the dermis. This type of burn may be red, swollen, painful, and blistered.
SECOND
A ____________ - degree burn are full thickness burns, go all the way through both the epidermis and the dermis and may even damage the subcutaneous tissue. These burns look black or white. These are usually not survivable and often result in death.
THIRD
“Hair loss” is also called what ?
Alopecia
This condition appears in response to an allergy. It usually is seen with hives and looks like a round, swollen area of skin.
WHEAL
This is an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane. Just like burns, they are classified based on the area they cover and how deep the sore goes into the tissue. The classifications are called grades.
ULCER
What is the name of the LAB TEST that takes a sample of bacteria from an infected area of a patient, grows the bacteria in a petri dish to see what it is, and tests different antibiotics to figure out what fights it.
CULTURE TEST
What are removed from infected part of skin, placed on a petri dish that allows them to grow, and examined using a microscope.
FUNGAL SCRAPINGS
What is the test that removes a piece of tissue so that it can be examined under a microscope. This test helps diagnose different conditions, such as cancer.
BIOPSY
What is the procedure done by using a piece of skin from a normal area to cover a damaged area. This procedure may be used for burn victims and in some other types of surgeries.
SKIN GRAFT, also called a dermatoplasty
What is the procedure when a piece of skin or skin graft is taken from another species or animal and transferred to a human.
ANIMAL TO HUMAN
XENOGRAFT
X = cross
ANIMAL TO HUMAN “crosses” the species from one type to another
What is it called when a skin graft is taken from one person and transferred to another person.
PERSON TO PERSON
ALLOGRAFT
LL = 2 same letters, 2 same species
“HELLO” I am going to give you some skin. One person says HELLO to another person. HELLO/ALLO
What is it called when the skin is taken from the patient’s own body and used somewhere else?
AUTOGRAFT
I will sign my own name. AUTOGRAPH
I will give myself my own skin. AUTOGRAFT
The instrument used to cut skin is called a ______________________
dermatome
The procedure that removes dead or damaged tissue, foreign material, and sometimes an infected area from a wound.
debridement
I am removing my bride that is dead.
The procedure which is a nail removal
Onychectomy
“OUCH” ectomy
This is the surgical procedure that uses extremely cold temperatures to destroy tissue. Some things treated with this procedure include skin lesions, moles, and warts.
Cryosurgery
the procedure that uses a scraper or scoop to remove lesions. The removed tissue is then examined with a microscope.
Curettage
This is the treatment of conditions using light. Some skin conditions, like eczema, can be treated using this type of therapy.
Phototherapy
This is commonly called a face lift. During this surgical procedure, excess skin is removed so that the face is tighter. This procedure removes wrinkles.
Rhytidectomy
“WHY” did you do it - dectomy
These two procedures that use an electric current to burn and destroy tissue. It may be used to remove growths and tumors from the skin.
Electrodessication and electrocautery
ELECTRO - ELECTRICITY
This is a procedure that uses a tool like a wire brush or sandpaper to scrape the skin. It may even be used to treat acne scars or tattoos.
DERMABRASION
Derma = Skin
Abrasive = brush/scrub
This treatment uses an intense laser beam to remove skin lesions, birthmarks, and tattoos. This type of laser can even be used to remove hair.
Laser Therapy
sudoriferous glands
exocrine glands
sudoriferous glands
Are ALL ___________ glands
SWEAT GLANDS
