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Health Science > Study Cards - UNIT 7 / SKIN > Flashcards

Study Cards - UNIT 7 / SKIN Flashcards

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1
Q

What auto-immune skin disease causes hard patches of skin to form?

A

Scleroderma, also called “Crest Syndrome”

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2
Q

What is a common way a nurse will give a vaccine to a child?

A

Using a hypodermic needle

HYPO= Under
DERM = Dermas/Skin

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3
Q

What is a skin condition that causes scaly patches and red skin, mainly on the scalp.

On baby this is called “Cradle Cap”

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

The skin on your scalp looks HORRIBLE.

SebORRheic dermatitis

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4
Q

What is another term for “Hives” a raised, itchy rash that appears on the skin. It may appear on one part of the body or be spread across large areas.

A

Urticaria

You are itching a lot

U-R itching a lot

URTICACIA

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5
Q

Lupus ______________ is the most common kind of lupus and may have a red rash appear on the cheeks.

A

Lupus erythematosus / “SLE”

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6
Q

What is the largest organ of the body ?

A

The skin

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7
Q

The skin uses sensory receptors to receive information about….

A

Pain, Touch, Temperature, Pressure. It sends this information to the spinal cord and the brain.

PTTP

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8
Q

The MAIN PURPOSE of skin is ?

A

To protect the internal organs of the body

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9
Q

What are the 3 layers of skin?

A

epidermis: outer layer
dermis: middle layer
hypodermis: bottom layer

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10
Q

Which layer contains “accessory organs?”

A

DERMIS layer (MIDDLE Layer)

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11
Q

What ARE the accessory organs

A

hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands (produce oil for hair follicles)

ACCESSORY ORGANS = “BEAUTY SALON” ORGANS

Hair
Nails
Sweat (get clean)
Sebaceous glands (oil for hair)

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12
Q

How does sweat develop a smell ?

A

When it touches bacteria on the skin

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13
Q

If a patient goes to the dermatologist with an acne problem, what ACCESSORY ORGANS are involved?

A

-Sweat glands
-Sebaceous (oil) glands, they secrete sebum, an oily substance, into hair follicles or sometimes through skin surface pores

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14
Q

What is a common skin condition that causes DRY SKIN

A

Excema

My skin is EXtra dry.

EXcema

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15
Q

What is a skin disease that causes a rash with itchy, scaly patches, most commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk and scalp. This is an autoimmune disease.

A

Psoriasis

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16
Q

This condition is caused by blocked hair follicles and oil (sebaceous) glands of the skin, often triggered by hormonal changes.

A

Acne

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17
Q

What is a medical term for “the body’s outer layer”

A

Integumentary system

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18
Q

What is the rare condition when there is complete absence of melanin from the skin and hair.

A

Albinism / Albino

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19
Q

The condition of dry or scaly skin

A

ichthyoderma

“itchy” derma = itchy skin

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20
Q

condition in which skin is blue (from not having enough oxygen)

A

cyanosis

“see-ya” in the blue SKY when I DIE from no oxygen

see ya = CYA

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21
Q

skin condition in which the skin is hardened

A

scleroderma

the BiCYCLER fell on the hard ground

SCLER = CYCLER

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22
Q

abnormal condition of not sweating

A

anhidrosis

AN = term for “Without”

Without Hydration / Hidrosis

A for anhidrosis
A for abnormal

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23
Q

pertaining to [SOMETHING EXISTING] under the skin

A ________ infection exists in Kathy’s finger. INFECTION is the “something”

A

subcutaneous

the SUBmarine is UNDER the water

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24
Q

pertaining to under the skin

99% of the time is associated to needles or injections

A

hypodermic

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25
Q

A red skin condition

A

erythroderma

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26
Q

cancerous tumor

A

carcinoma

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27
Q

“on the skin”

A

dermal / derma

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28
Q

Who is the “father of dermatology”. What year did he publish the first book about dermatology ?

A

Louis Alibert

Year: 1806

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29
Q

What is the MAIN PURPOSE of the Skin?

A

The main purpose of skin is to protect the internal organs of the body by keeping germs OUT and keeping the organs IN.

30
Q

What gives skin it’s color ?

A

MELANIN, found in the epidermis

Different AMOUNTS of Melanin = different colors/tones of skin

31
Q

There are two types of sweat glands:

A

eccrine and apocrine glands.

32
Q

Where are the ECCRINE glands ?

A

feet, forehead, upper lip, and palms of the hands

33
Q

Where are the APOCINE glands?

A

groin, armpits, scalp, and anal region.

34
Q

How many liters of water does the body sweat in hot weather ?

A

10-12 liters of sweat per day

35
Q

What is the purpose of SEBUM GLANDS

A

They secrete oils through the opening of the hair follicle to protect your hair and your skin

These catch bacteria, viruses, and other harmful agents before they enter the body to cause disease.

36
Q

Mrs. Callahan is scared of the dark, and the power went out in her house at night. Her hair is “standing up” and she has goosebumps.

What exactly is happening ?

A

Each hair is attached to a muscle called the arrector pili that causes the hair to stand up. This muscle contraction happens in response to cold or even fear and causes goosebumps.

37
Q

How fast do fingernails grow?

A

3.5 mm per month

38
Q

Most people’s skin is either ________ or __________ , or a combination of the two.

A

DRY, OILY

39
Q

What is ECZEMA

A

a common skin condition that causes very dry skin, itchy rashes, blisters, and crusting. The size of the rash can range from one small area to the entire body.

40
Q

What is the name of a blister type sore on or around the mouth, caused by the herpes simplex virus and may actually feel like its burning, itching, or sore.

A

COLD SORE

41
Q

What causes chicken pox ?

A

varicella zoster virus

42
Q

This condition is caused by a fungus that gets into bare feet in wet, public places like swimming pools and locker rooms. Symptoms of this condition include itchy, flaky, and cracked spots between the toes and on the soles of the feet.

A

ATHLETES FOOT

43
Q

This condition is a contagious bacterial infection of the skin. It causes sores or blisters that may itch and bust, causing them to crust over.

A

Impetigo

Important: BACTERIA, CONTAGIOUS

44
Q

This is a condition that causes the skin to be yellow. It can happen from infancy to adulthood. The yellow color comes from a build up of bilirubin in the body.

A

JAUNDICE

45
Q

This is is a condition in which the skin dies because of necrosis, or lost blood supply to that area. Since the tissue is dead, it must be removed.

A

GANGRENE

46
Q

What is the medical term for a sore that is found on areas where a bone sticks out? In other words, places like elbows, knees, buttocks, and hips are prone to these sores. This condition is most often seen in people who are bedridden and lay in one position for too long. You may hear someone call these bed sores or pressure sores.

A

decubitus ulcer

47
Q

A ___________ -degree burn, also called superficial burns, only affect the epidermis and cause redness, dryness, and some pain, but no blisters. A sunburn falls into this category.

A

FIRST

48
Q

A _____________ -degree burn, partial thickness burns, affect the epidermis and the top part of the dermis. This type of burn may be red, swollen, painful, and blistered.

A

SECOND

49
Q

A ____________ - degree burn are full thickness burns, go all the way through both the epidermis and the dermis and may even damage the subcutaneous tissue. These burns look black or white. These are usually not survivable and often result in death.

A

THIRD

50
Q

“Hair loss” is also called what ?

A

Alopecia

51
Q

This condition appears in response to an allergy. It usually is seen with hives and looks like a round, swollen area of skin.

A

WHEAL

52
Q

This is an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane. Just like burns, they are classified based on the area they cover and how deep the sore goes into the tissue. The classifications are called grades.

A

ULCER

53
Q

What is the name of the LAB TEST that takes a sample of bacteria from an infected area of a patient, grows the bacteria in a petri dish to see what it is, and tests different antibiotics to figure out what fights it.

A

CULTURE TEST

54
Q

What are removed from infected part of skin, placed on a petri dish that allows them to grow, and examined using a microscope.

A

FUNGAL SCRAPINGS

55
Q

What is the test that removes a piece of tissue so that it can be examined under a microscope. This test helps diagnose different conditions, such as cancer.

A

BIOPSY

56
Q

What is the procedure done by using a piece of skin from a normal area to cover a damaged area. This procedure may be used for burn victims and in some other types of surgeries.

A

SKIN GRAFT, also called a dermatoplasty

57
Q

What is the procedure when a piece of skin or skin graft is taken from another species or animal and transferred to a human.

ANIMAL TO HUMAN

A

XENOGRAFT

X = cross

ANIMAL TO HUMAN “crosses” the species from one type to another

58
Q

What is it called when a skin graft is taken from one person and transferred to another person.

PERSON TO PERSON

A

ALLOGRAFT

LL = 2 same letters, 2 same species

“HELLO” I am going to give you some skin. One person says HELLO to another person. HELLO/ALLO

59
Q

What is it called when the skin is taken from the patient’s own body and used somewhere else?

A

AUTOGRAFT

I will sign my own name. AUTOGRAPH

I will give myself my own skin. AUTOGRAFT

60
Q

The instrument used to cut skin is called a ______________________

A

dermatome

61
Q

The procedure that removes dead or damaged tissue, foreign material, and sometimes an infected area from a wound.

A

debridement

I am removing my bride that is dead.

62
Q

The procedure which is a nail removal

A

Onychectomy

“OUCH” ectomy

63
Q

This is the surgical procedure that uses extremely cold temperatures to destroy tissue. Some things treated with this procedure include skin lesions, moles, and warts.

A

Cryosurgery

64
Q

the procedure that uses a scraper or scoop to remove lesions. The removed tissue is then examined with a microscope.

A

Curettage

65
Q

This is the treatment of conditions using light. Some skin conditions, like eczema, can be treated using this type of therapy.

A

Phototherapy

66
Q

This is commonly called a face lift. During this surgical procedure, excess skin is removed so that the face is tighter. This procedure removes wrinkles.

A

Rhytidectomy

“WHY” did you do it - dectomy

67
Q

These two procedures that use an electric current to burn and destroy tissue. It may be used to remove growths and tumors from the skin.

A

Electrodessication and electrocautery

ELECTRO - ELECTRICITY

68
Q

This is a procedure that uses a tool like a wire brush or sandpaper to scrape the skin. It may even be used to treat acne scars or tattoos.

A

DERMABRASION

Derma = Skin

Abrasive = brush/scrub

69
Q

This treatment uses an intense laser beam to remove skin lesions, birthmarks, and tattoos. This type of laser can even be used to remove hair.

A

Laser Therapy

70
Q

sudoriferous glands
exocrine glands
sudoriferous glands

Are ALL ___________ glands

A

SWEAT GLANDS

Health Science (19 decks)

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