Study 18th of September 2019

Question 1

• Elements are listed in order of what in the periodic table?

Answer 1

• Elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number

Question 2

Elements are arranged according to what in the periodic table

Answer 2

arranged according to the number of electrons in the outer shells of their atoms

Question 3

What elements are placed in columns called ______

Answer 3

Elements whose atoms have the same number of outer electrons are placed in columns called groups and have similar chemical properties

Question 4

The elements in the horizontal row have what name

Answer 4

Period

Question 5

The elements in the horizontal row have the same number of what

Answer 5

• The elements in a horizontal row, or period, have the same number of electron shells.

Question 6

What is the period number of an element

Answer 6

The period number of an element is the number of electron shells in an atom of that element

Question 7

What are vertical columns in the periodic table called

Answer 7

Groups

Question 8

What happens to the size of the atoms as we move from ____ to ____ across a period

Answer 8

decrease

Question 9

What is periodic law

Answer 9

All the elements in a group have the same electron configuration in their outermost shells, i.e. the same number of electrons in their outermost shell

Question 10

Why do Sizes of the atoms decrease as we move from left to right across a period

Answer 10

This is due to the increasing number of protons in the nucleus, so the electrical attraction between the nucleus and the orbiting electrons gets stronger and pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus

Question 11

What are valence electrons

Answer 11

• The electrons in the outer most electron shell are called valence electrons

Question 12

What is a valence shell

Answer 12

• The shell containing electrons that is furthest from the nucleus is called the valence shell

Question 13

Define valency

Answer 13

In chemistry, valency is the power of an atom of an element to combine with other atoms, measured by the number of electrons which an atom will give, take, or share to form a chemical compound

Question 14

What is valency related to

Answer 14

This is related to the number of spaces left in an atom’s electron shells, which is why the only elements with valencies of zero are the noble gases

Question 15

Typical definition of valency

Answer 15

Valence is, typically, the number of electrons needed to fill the outermost shell of an atom

Question 16

What is valence

Answer 16

Valence is the number of electrons with which a given atom generally bonds or number of bonds an atom forms

Question 17

What is the first group in the periodic table called

Answer 17

• The first group is called the alkali metals (shiny, soft, highly reactive metals)

Question 18

What is the second group of the periodic table called

Answer 18

• The second group is the alkaline-earth metals (shiny, soft, somewhat reactive metals)

Question 19

What are groups 3-12 called in the periodic table

Answer 19

Groups 3-12 are called the transition metals (the d-block)

Question 20

What are groups 13-15 called in the periodic table

Answer 20

Groups 13-15 are not named

Question 21

What is group 16 called in the periodic table

Answer 21

• Group 16 are the chalcogens (some critical to life, some toxic)

Question 22

What are group 17 or 7 called in the periodic table

Answer 22

• Group 17 or 7 are the halogens (salt producing)

Question 23

What are group 18 or 8 called in the periodic table

Answer 23

Group 18 or 8 are the noble gases or inert gases and are basically inert

Question 24

Group 18 with noble gases are what

Answer 24

• Group 18 with Noble Gases are stable ̶ have 8 valence e- (except He which has 2 valence e-

Question 25

What is the reactivity of noble gases

Answer 25

• Noble gases are usually unreactive; this is because they have full valence shells

Question 26

An element with a full valence shell is a what element?

Answer 26

• An element with a full valence shell is a “happy” element

Question 27

For 2 atoms to join together atoms must

Answer 27

• For two atoms to join together atoms must gain, lose or

share electrons

Question 28

Elements with full valence shells do not what

Answer 28

• Elements with full valence shells do not easily gain or lose electrons