Structures

Question 1

Properties of a giant ionic lattice

Answer 1

Very high melting points-many ionic bonds must be broken, requires lots of energy
Hard but brittle-move layers means ions of same charge will repel each other
Soluble in water- water molecules surround ions and hydrate them
Conducts electricity when molten or in a solution- allows ions to move in these states.

Question 2

Properties of a covalent molecular structure

Answer 2

Low melting and boiling points (weak van der waal forces)
Most aren’t soluble
Don’t conduct electricity (no charged particles like electrons and ions present)
Soft when solid (weak van der waal forces allow easy shifts)

Question 3

Properties of diamond

Answer 3

High melting points-strong covalent bonds
Insoluble in water
Doesn’t conduct
Very hard due to highly regular structure

Question 4

Properties of graphite

Answer 4

High melting points
Insoluble in water
Layer of delocalised electrons can flow a current
Soft and slippery

Question 5

Properties of graphene

Answer 5

Very thin and light (one atom thick)
Transparent
100x stronger than steel
Very good conductor
Used in batteries and solar cells

Question 6

Properties of giant metallic structure

Answer 6

High melting points
Conducts electricity- free electrons
Malleable
Ductile
Insoluble in water

Question 7

Define allotrope

Answer 7

Different forms of the same element in the same physical state

Question 8

Define ductile

Answer 8

Can be drawn into wires

Question 9

Define malleable

Answer 9

Can be hammered into shape

Question 10

What is an alloy

Answer 10

A mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, and the resulting mixture has metallic properties.