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MD2001 Week 4 > Structure of the Lungs > Flashcards

Structure of the Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What structures are apart of the conducting zone?

A

Everything up until bronchi

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2
Q

What is anatomic dead space?

A

Is not involved in gas exchange

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3
Q

What are the c-shaped rings around the trachea?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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4
Q

Where does the trachea start and end?

A

Start at C6 and ends at T4/5

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5
Q

What alters the diameter of the trachea?

A

Trachealis muscle

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6
Q

How many lobes do each lung have?

A

Left-2

Right-3

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7
Q

Which lung is foreign object more likely go to and why?

A

Right lung

The left lung branches more horizontally

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8
Q

What are bronchi supplied with blood by?

A

Bronchial arteries

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9
Q

What do bronchi divide into?

A

Conducting bronchioles

Terminal bronchioles

Respiratory bronchioles

Alveoli

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10
Q

What is the epithelium of the trachea?

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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11
Q

What is the epithelium of the bronchi?

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium but is flattened

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12
Q

What is the epithelium of the bronchioles?

A

Ciliated columnar surrounded by smooth muscle

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13
Q

What is an asthma attack caused by?

A

Contraction of the smooth muscle caused by the release if histamine

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14
Q

What is the epithelium of the terminal and respiratory bronchioles?

A

Non-ciliated cuboidal and goblet cells disappear

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15
Q

What is the alveoli separated by?

A

Alveolar wall

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16
Q

What are pleura?

A

Membranes which cover/line the organs within the cavity as well as the cavity walls

17
Q

What is the pleural cavity?

A

The space between the layers of pleura

18
Q

Why is important that the pleural cavity creates a negative pressure in the lung?

A

Makes it easier to inflate

19
Q

What is the lingual and where is it?

A

Extension of superior lobe on left long

Providing space for the cardiac notch

20
Q

What is the left lung in comparison to the right?

A

Longer and narrower

21
Q

What is the hilum?

A

Whereby structures enter the lung

22
Q

What structures lie in the hilum?

A

Pulmonary arteries and veins

Main bronchioles

23
Q

What muscles move the ribs?

A

Intercostal muscles

24
Q

What nerve innervates the diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve

25
Q

What is a pneumothorax?

A

When air enters the pleural cavity removing the negative pressure of the lung

Called a collapsed lung

MD2001 Week 4 (10 decks)

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