Structure of the Lungs Flashcards
What structures are apart of the conducting zone?
Everything up until bronchi
What is anatomic dead space?
Is not involved in gas exchange
What are the c-shaped rings around the trachea?
Hyaline cartilage
Where does the trachea start and end?
Start at C6 and ends at T4/5
What alters the diameter of the trachea?
Trachealis muscle
How many lobes do each lung have?
Left-2
Right-3
Which lung is foreign object more likely go to and why?
Right lung
The left lung branches more horizontally
What are bronchi supplied with blood by?
Bronchial arteries
What do bronchi divide into?
Conducting bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveoli
What is the epithelium of the trachea?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What is the epithelium of the bronchi?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium but is flattened
What is the epithelium of the bronchioles?
Ciliated columnar surrounded by smooth muscle
What is an asthma attack caused by?
Contraction of the smooth muscle caused by the release if histamine
What is the epithelium of the terminal and respiratory bronchioles?
Non-ciliated cuboidal and goblet cells disappear
What is the alveoli separated by?
Alveolar wall
What are pleura?
Membranes which cover/line the organs within the cavity as well as the cavity walls
What is the pleural cavity?
The space between the layers of pleura
Why is important that the pleural cavity creates a negative pressure in the lung?
Makes it easier to inflate
What is the lingual and where is it?
Extension of superior lobe on left long
Providing space for the cardiac notch
What is the left lung in comparison to the right?
Longer and narrower
What is the hilum?
Whereby structures enter the lung
What structures lie in the hilum?
Pulmonary arteries and veins
Main bronchioles
What muscles move the ribs?
Intercostal muscles
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
What is a pneumothorax?
When air enters the pleural cavity removing the negative pressure of the lung
Called a collapsed lung
