structure of the genome and mutations 1.5+1.6 Flashcards
what is deletion? (point)
gene mutation involving the loss of one nucleotide from the DNA sequence
what is a gene?
sequence of DNA bases that code for a protein
what is a genome?
an organism’s entire genetic information encoded in the DNA of a complete set of its chromosomes
what is insertion?
gene mutation involving the addition of an extra nucleotide to DNA sequence
what is a mutant?
individual whose genotype expresses a mutation
what is a mutation?
general term for a random change in an organism’s genome
what is a non-coding sequence?
general name for a region of DNA that does not code for a protein
what is a phenotype?
physical and biochemical characteristics of an organism resulting from the expression of it genes
what is point mutation?
term referring to a change in one of the base pairs in the DNA sequence of single gene
what is a regulator sequence?
non-coding sequence of DNA bearing activators needed to promote transcription of a gene
what is a splice-site mutation?
a change affecting nucleotide(s) at a site where introns are normally removed from a primary mRNA transcript
what is substitution?
gene mutation involving the exchange of one nucleotide for another in the DNA sequence
what is chromosome structure mutation?
general term referring to a change that alters the number or sequence of the genes in a chromosome
what is deletion? (chromosome structure)
loss of segment of chromosome consisting of one or more genes
what is duplication?
doubling up of part of a chromosome involving several genes
