Structure Of The Digestive System Flashcards
What is the digestive system?
An exchange system through which food substances are absorbed
What are the various parts of the digestive system?
- Oesphagus
- Stomach
- ileum
- Large Intestine
- Rectum
- Salivary Glands
- Pancreas
What does the oesaphagus do?
Carries food from the mouth to the stomach
What is the stomach?
• Muscular sac with an inner layer that produces enzymes
What is the purpose of the stomach?
- Stores and digests food
* Has glands which produce enzymes that digest proteins
What is the ileum?
Long muscular tube/small intestine
What does the ileum do?
• Food is digested by in the ileum by enzymes that are produced by its walls and by glands that pour their secretions into it
How is the ileum adapted to absorbing the products of digestion?
- Inner wall of the ileum are folded into villi, which increase surface area
- Surface area of these villi have micro-villi on them on the epithelial cells of each villus, this increases the surface area even more
What is the purpose of the large intestine/
- Absorbs water
* Most of the water absorbed is water from the secretions of the many digestive glands
What is the purpose of the rectum?
- Final section of the intestines
* Faeces are stored here before periodically being removed via the anus in a process called egestion
What egestion?
Removing faeces via the anus
what is the purpose of the salivary glands?
- Pass secretions via a duct into the mouth
* Secretions contain the enzyme amylase, which hydrolyses starch into maltose
What is the purpose of amylase?
Hydrolyses starch into maltose
Where are the salivary glands present?
- Near the mouth
* Secretions passed into the mouth via a duct
What is the pancreas?
Large gland situated below the stomach
