Structure Of Matter Flashcards
Chemical bond
The attractive forces that hold different atoms or ions together in compounds
Chemical structure
The arrangement of atoms in a substance
Bond length
The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms
Bond angle
The angle formed by two bonds to the same ion
Hydrogen bond
weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other
Ionic bond
A bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions
Metallic bond
A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them
Covalent bond
A bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Polyatomic ion
An ion made f two or more atoms
Formula unit
the empirical formula of any ionic or covalent network solid compound
Nonpolar covalent bond
chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other.
Polar covalent bond
Polar covalent bonding is a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms.
Empirical formula
The composition of a compound in terms of the relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio
Molecular formula
A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule but not the arrangement of atoms
Organic compound
A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides
Polymer
Large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers or small units
Carbohydrate
Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things
Protein
An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells
Amino acid
Any one of 20 different molecules that contain an carboxyl and an amino group and that combine to form proteins
Hydrocarbon
a compound of hydrogen and carbon, such as any of those that are the chief components of petroleum and natural gas.
Alkane
any of the series of saturated hydrocarbons including methane, ethane, propane, and higher members.
Alkene
any of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond, including ethylene and propylene.
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
