structure of DNA and RNA Flashcards
1
Q
what is DNA
A
deoxyribonucleic acid
genetic info
double helix
longer
2
Q
what is RNA
A
ribonucleic acid
transfers genetic info from DNA to ribosomes
single stranded
shorter
3
Q
what are ribosomes made of
A
RNA
proteins
4
Q
what is the structure of a nucleotide
A
phosphate ion
\
\
pentose ——— base
5
Q
what is DNA made from
A
deoxyribose
bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
6
Q
what is RNA made from
A
ribose
bases: adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine
7
Q
how many hydrogen bonds are between base pairs
A
A&T 2
C&G 3
8
Q
what bond is formed between 2 nucleotides
A
phosphodiester
9
Q
what is the structure of DNA related to its function
A
- double stranded: acts as templates for semi conservative replication
- weak hydrogen bonds between bases: unzipped for replication
- complementary base pairing: accurate replication
- many hydrogen bonds between bases: stable/strong molecule
- double helix with sugar phosphate backbone: protects bases/ H bonds
- long: stores lots of genetic info
- double helix: compact
10
Q
how would you work out % bases in DNA molecule
A
% A in strand 1 = % T in strand 2
% C in strand 1 = % G in strand 2
