lipids

Question 1

what is a triglyceride

Answer 1

1 glycerol
3 fatty acids
ester bond between RCOOH
condensation reaction

Question 2

how do the properties of triglycerides relate to its structure

Answer 2

function - energy storage molecules
- higher ratio of C-H bonds to C atoms in hydrocarbon tail so release more energetic than the same mass of carbohydrates
- insoluble in water so no effect on water potential of cell

Question 3

what is a phospholipid

Answer 3

1 glycerol
2 fatty acids
1 phosphate groups

Question 4

how do the properties of phosholipids relate to its structure

Answer 4

function - form bilayer in cell membrane allowing diffusion of small non polar molecules
- phosphate heads are hydrophillic so attract water so orient to aq environment either side of membrane
- fatty acid tales are hydrophobic so are repelled by water so orient to interior of membrane so repel polar molecules

Question 5

what are saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 5

saturated - no C=C bond in chain
unsaturated - one or more C=C bond in chain

Question 6

what is the biochemical test for lipids

Answer 6

add ethanol and shake
add water
positive = milky white emulsion