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ARCHI > STRUCTURE (FINALS) > Flashcards

STRUCTURE (FINALS) Flashcards

1
Q

A RIGID HORIZONTAL STRUCTURAL
MEMBER DESIGNED TO CARRY AND
TRANSFER TRANSVERSE LOADS ACROSS
SPACE TO SUPPORTING ELEMENTS

A

BEAM

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2
Q

o (1 REACTION)
o ALLOWS LATERAL MOVEMENT
(EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION)

A
  1. ROLLER
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3
Q

o (2 REACTIONS)
o RESTRAINS TRANSLATION BUT
ALLOWS ROTATION (MOMENT)

A

PINNED

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4
Q

o (3 REACTIONS)
o RESTRAINS BOTH TRANSLATION
AND ROTATION (MOMENT)

A

FIXED (RIGID)

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5
Q

o IF THE EQUATIONS OF
EQUILIBRIUM ARE SUFFICIENT TO
ANALYZE A STRUCTURE
o If R = 3

A

DETERMINATE

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6
Q

o IF THE EQUATIONS OF
EQUILIBRIUM ARE NOT
SUFFICIENT TO ANALYZE A
STRUCTURE
o IF R > 3
o DEGREE = R - 3

A

INDETERMINATE

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7
Q

RESTS ON SIMPLE SUPPORTS AT
BOTH ENDS

A

SIMPLE

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8
Q

PROJECTING BEAM SUPPORTED
ONLY AT ONE FIXED END

A

CANTILEVER

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9
Q

BEAM EXTENDING BEYOND ONE
OF ITS SUPPORTS

A

OVERHANGING

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10
Q

A BEAM FIXED AT ONE END AND
THE OTHER END PLACED ON A
ROLLER SUPPORT

A

PROPPED

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11
Q

o FIXED AT BOTH ENDS

A

FIXED /RESTRAINED

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12
Q

o BEAM EXTENDING OVER MORE
THAN TWO SUPPORTS

A

CONTINUOUS

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13
Q
  • DEFORMATION OF A BEAM EXPRESSED IN
    TERMS OF ITS DEFLECTION FROM ITS ORIGINAL UNLOADED POSITION
A

ELASTIC CURVE

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14
Q
  • GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF THE VARIATION IN MAGNITUDE OF THE EXTERNAL SHEARS PRESENT IN A STRUCTURE
A

SHEAR DIAGRAM

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15
Q

GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF THE
VARIATION IN MAGNITUDE OF THE
BENDING MOMENT PRESENT IN A
STRUCTURE

A

MOMENT DIAGRAM

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16
Q
  • A POINT OF ZERO MOMENT
  • THE POINT AT WHICH A STRUCTURE
    CHANGES CURVATURE AS IT DEFLECTS
A

INFLECTION POINT

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17
Q
  • SLIGHT CONVEX CURVATURE
    INTENTIONALLY BUILT TO COMPENSATE
    FOR AN ANTICIPATED DEFLECTION
A

CAMBER

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18
Q

o STRESSES IN CONCRETE AND
STEEL REACH TO PERMISSIBLE
VALUES AT THE SAME TIME
o CONCRETE AND STEEL
THEORETICALLY FAIL AT THE
SAME TIME

A

BALANCED SECTION

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19
Q

o CONCRETE IS CRUSHED BEFORE
STEEL YIELDS
o SUDDEN FAILURE WITHOUT
WARNING

A

OVER REINFORCED SECTION

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20
Q

o STEEL YIELDS FIRST CAUSING THE
BEAM TO DEFLECT PRIOR TO
FAILURE

A

. UNDER REINFORCED SECTION

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21
Q
  • A RIGID, FLAT STRUCTURAL ELEMENT CONSTRUCTED TO CREATE FLAT AND USEFUL SURFACES SUCH AS FLOORS,
    ROOFS AND CEILINGS
A

SLAB

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22
Q

o SUPPORTED BY BEAMS ON 2
OPPOSITE SIDES TO CARRY THE
LOAD ALONG ONE DIRECTION
o LONGER SPAN (L) / SHORTER SPAN
(B) ≥ 2

A

ONE- WAY SLAB

23
Q

o ONE WAY SLAB
o REDUCES THE SPAN BETWEEN
THE BANDS REDUCED THICKNESS
FOR THE SLAB
o BANDS HAVE SMALLER DEPTH
THAN BEAMS = MORE CLEAR
HEIGHT / REDUCED STOREY
HEIGHT

A

BANDED SLAB

24
Q

o ONE WAY SLAB
o REINFORCEMENTS ARE
CONCENTRATED IN SPACED RIBS
OR JOISTS TO MAKE THE SLAB
THINNER AND LIGHTER

A

RIBBED SLAB

25
Q

o ONE WAY SLAB
o THICKER SLABS THAT CAN SPAN
GREATER SPANS
o 4’ TO 6’ APART

A

WIDE-MODULE/ SKIP JOIST

26
Q

o SUPPORTED BY BEAMS ON ALL 4
SIDES TO CARRY THE LOAD ALONG
BOTH DIRECTIONS
o LONGER SPAN (L) / SHORTER SPAN
(B) < 2

A

TWO WAY SLAB

27
Q

o TWO WAY SLAB
o W/O BEAMS
o SLAB IS THICKENED TO RESIST
FORCES

A

FLAT SLAB

28
Q

o FAILURE IN RC SLABS DUE TO SHEAR
CAUSED BY CONCENTRATED LOADS

A

PUNCHING SHEAR

29
Q

o TWO-WAY RIBBED/JOIST SYSTEM

A

WAFFLE SLAB

30
Q

o STRUCTURAL FRAME BASED ON THE GEOMETRIC RIGIDITY OF TRIANGLE AND COMPOSED OF LINEAR MEMBERS SUBJECT ONLY TO AXIAL TENSION OR
COMRPESSION

A

TRUSS

31
Q

o TRUSS MADE 3-DIMENSIONAL
o BENDS ALONG BOTH OF ITS AXES

A

SPACE FRAME

32
Q

o A FORM OF SPACE TRUSS CONSISTING
OF PERIMETER GRID FORMED BY
INTERSECTING THE DIAGONAL &
HORIZONTAL COMPONENTS

A

DIAGRID

33
Q

o FOR DETERMINING MEMBER FORCES IN
A TRUSS BY CONSIDERING THE
EQUILIBRIUM OF THE VARIOUS JOINTS

A

METHODS OF JOINTS

34
Q

o FOR DETERMINING MEMBER FORCES IN A TRUSS BY CONSIDERING THE EQUILIBRIUM OF ANY PORTION OF THE TRUSS ASSEMBLY

A

METHODS OF SECTIONS

35
Q

o TYPICAL JOINTS USED TO
CONNECT PIECES OF MATERIAL
(E.G. NAILED CONNECTION IN
WOOD FRAME, MORTAR BETWEEN
MASONRY UNITS, WELDED
CONNECTION IN A STEEL FRAME)
o CAN BE MADE TO MOVE ONLY BY
OVERLOADING THE JOINT

A

NONMOVEMENT JOINTS

36
Q

o HAS THE ABILITY TO ADJUST TO
EXPECTED AMOUNTS OF MOTION
WITHOUT DISTRESS

A

MOVEMENT JOINTS

37
Q

o CREATED IN THE NORMAL
PROCESS OF ASSEMBLING A
BUILDING (E.G. SHINGLE ROOF
OVERLAPPING PATTERN ALLOWS
THERMAL / MOISTURE
MOVEMENT)

A

WORKING JOINTS

38
Q

o SEPARATE STRUCTURAL FROM
NONSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS SO THAT THEY WILL ACT INDEPENDENTLY (E.G. SOFT SEALANT, SHELF ANGLE OR OPEN
JOINTS IN CLADDING)

A

STRUCTURE/ENCLOSURE JOINTS

39
Q

o SEPARATE MATERIALS THAT MUST BE ABLE TO MOVE INDEPENDENTLY
WITHOUT INTERFERING WITH ONE
ANOTHER

A

ISOLATION JOINTS

40
Q

PURPOSELY CREATED LINES OF
WEAKNESS ALONG WHICH CRACKING WILL OCCUR AS A SURFACE OF BRITTLE
MATERIAL SHRINKS (CONTRACTION)

A

CONTROL JOINTS

41
Q

o DIVIDES A LARGE OR COMPLEX
BUILDING MASS INTO SMALLER
STRUCTURES THAT CAN MOVE
INDEPENDENTLY

A

BUILDING SEPARATION JOINTS

42
Q

RELIEVES LARGE-SCALE EFFECTS OF EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

A

VOLUME CHANGE JOINT

43
Q

DESIGNED TO AVOID DISTRESS CAUSED BY DIFFERENT
RATES OF ANTICIPATED SETTLEMENT

A

SETTLEMENT JOINT

44
Q

JOINT BETWEEN 2 SUCCESSIVE
PLACEMENTS OF CONCRETE, OFTEN KEYED OR DOWELED TO PROVIDE LATERAL STABILITY ACROSS THE JOINT

A

CONSTRUCTION JOINT

45
Q

WEAKENED PLANES BETWEEN
HARDENED AND FRESH CONCRETE
DUE TO DELAY OR INTERRUPTION IN CONCRETING WORKS

A

COLD JOINT

46
Q

o FOR DETERMINING THE CONSISTENCY
AND WORKABILITY OF THE CONCRETE
MIXTURE
o SHALL BE MADE AT THE
o TIME OF PLACEMENT, AS OFTEN AS
NECESSARY FOR CONTROL CHECKS
(ASTM C94)

A

SLUMP TEST

47
Q

ONLY SLUMP THAT CAN BEMEASURED

A

TRUE SLUMP

48
Q

o VERY LOW W – C RATIO

A

ZERO SLUMP

49
Q

o VERY HIGH W-C RATIO

A

COLLAPSED SLUMP

50
Q

o INCOMPLETE; FOR RETESTING

A

SHEAR SLUMP

51
Q

o FOR DETERMINING THE STRENGTH OF A CONCRETE BATCH
o DURING THE DELIVERY OF
CONCRETE, CYLINDER SAMPLES (4” x 8” OR 6” x 12”) ARE TAKEN TO A
TESTING LABORATORY TO DETERMINE IF THE CURED CONCRETE MEETS THE
DESIRED STRENGTH

A

COMPRESSION TEST

52
Q

o FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTING FOR
SPECIFIED STRENGTH
o FOR VERIFYING MIXTURE
PROPORTIONS FOR STRENGTH
o QUALITY CONTROL

A

STANDARD -CURED CYLINDERS

53
Q

o FOR DETERMINING WHEN
STRUCTURE CAN BE PUT INTO
SERVICE
o COMPARING RESULTS WITH
STANDARD CURED CYLINDERS
o SCHEDULING REMOVAL OF
FORMS AND OR SHORING

A

FIELD – CURED CYLINDERS

54
Q

o CONCRETE SAMPLE IS CUT FROM A HARDENED CONCRETE STRUCTURE

A

CORE TEST

ARCHI (8 decks)

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