Structure and Function of Plants Flashcards
Dicotyledons
Such as roses and beans, feature broad leaves with net-like veins and flowers typically organized in multiples of four or five, with vascular bundles arranged in a ring.
Monocotyledons
Like grasses and lillies, have long, narrow leaves with parallel veins and flowers usually in multiples of three, with vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem.
Monocot roots vs dicot roots
Monocot roots are fibrous, meaning they form a network of thin roots that originate from the stem and stay close to the surface of the soil. In contrast, dicots have “taproots”, meaning they form a single thick root that grows deep into the soil and has smaller, lateral branches.
Dermales include:
The epidermis and the endodermis.
Vasculares consist of:
Xylem water and phloem for sugar
Fundamentales include
Parenchyma cells
Primary growth in roots
Adds length
Primary growth in shoots
Adds height
Secondary growth in roots
Occurs in the vascular cambium and adds girth
Secondary growth
Increases diameter
Tubérculos
Are underground storage stems
Bulbs
Are underground storage structures with modified leaf layers
Bracts
Are modified leaves surrounding flowers for protection or attraction.
Thorns
Are modified leaves or stipples serving protective or supportive functions.
Stolons
Are horizontal stems along the soil surface producing new plants.
