structure and bonding of carbon.( Dimond, graphene, graphite, fullerene.) Flashcards
what is graphene?
form of carbon.
single layer of graphite.
how are atoms arranged in graphene?
hexagonal structure.
one atom thick.
what are the properties of graphene?
very strong.
good thermal and electrical conductor.
nearly transparent.
what do the properties of graphene make it useful for?
electronics.
composite materials.
what other molecules can carbon also form?
fullerenes which contain different numbers of carbon atoms.
what is the structure of fullerenes based around?
hexagonal rings of carbon.
what can sometimes the hexagonal rings of fullerenes contain?
5 or 7 carbon atoms.
what shape do fullerene molecules have?
hollow; including; tubes, balls and cages.
what structure are carbon nanotubes?
cylindric fullerenes with very high length diameter ratios.
what do the properties of carbon nanotubes make them useful for?
use in nanotechnology.
electronics.
materials.
what can fullerenes be used for?
deliver drugs around the body.
lubricants.
catalysts.
reinforcing materials eg: frames for tennis rackets- strong but lightweight.
what is Dimond a form of?
carbon.
what structure does diamond have?
giant.
rigid.
covalent structure.- lattice.
what does each carbon atom form with what?
4 strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
what do all the strong covalent bonds in diamond mean?
its very hard substance with a very high melting point.
why doesn’t diamond conduct electricity?
no charged particles.
what is graphite?
another form of carbon.
what does graphite have that means it has a very high melting point?
giant covalent structure.
what does each carbon atom in graphite from with what?
3 covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
what does the 3 covalent bonds in graphite result in?
layered hexagonal structure.
what are the hexagonal layers in graphite held together by?
weak intermolecular forces.
what does it mean for the atom as it has weak intermolecular forces between atoms?
layers can slide past each other.
making graphite soft and slippery.
one electron from each carbon atom in graphite is what?
delocalised.
what do the delocalised electrons in graphite allow it to do?
conduct heat and electricity.
