C10 using resources Flashcards
what are earths resources used to provide humans with?
shelter, warmth, food and transport
what do natural resources from agriculture provide?
timber, food, clothing and fuels
where do the finite resources come from and what are they processed to provide?
earths oceans and atmosphere. energy and materials
what do techniques and research provide?
new products and improve sustainability
what are plastics usually made from?
using ethene from crude oil
how can raw material, there also be obtained?
from ethanol. produced during fermentation
what are industries starting to use for the process (ethene from ethanol.)
renewable crop for the process
what is the LCAS?
life cycle assessments.
why are LCAS carried out?
assess the environmental impact of products.
what does the LCAS assess at each stage?
use and sustainability of raw materials
Use of energy at all stages
Use of water at all stages
Production and disposal of waste products are all stages
Transport and distribution at all stages
reduce reuse and recycle, why is this strategy useful at reducing the use of limited resources?
Reduces energy sources being used, reduces waste in landfill and reduces environmental impact
what are limited raw materials used for?
Metals, glass, building, materials, plastics, and clay ceramics
What is most of the energy required for the use of limited raw materials come from and how can obtaining raw materials from the Earth be done?
Limited resources, quarrying and mining, which causes environmental impacts
how can metals be recycled?
Melting and recasting/reforming
how can glass bottles be reused and what happens if products cannot be reused?
crushed and mounted to make different glass products
Products that cannot be reused or recycled
what is potable water?
Water of an appropriate quality, which contains low levels of dissolved, compounds, and a safety drink
What does rain provide water with?
Low levels of dissolved substances
where does rainwater collect and how is it used to make potable water?
Collecting grounds/lakes/rivers
Appropriate sources chosen, which is then passed through filter bed and then sterilised
why would desalination need to occur?
A freshwater is limited and salty/seawater is needed for drinking
how could desalination be achieved? What are the issues associated with it?
Distillation or using large membranes, such as reverse osmosis
These processes require large amount of energy
where is waste water produced from?
Urban out and industrial processes
what does wastewater require to happen to them before use in the environment and what does sewage need to have done?
Required treatment before using the environment
sewage needs organic matter and harmful microbes removed.
what is included in sewage treatment?
screening and grit removal
sedimentation to produce sludge and effluent (liquid waste or sewage)
anaerobic digestion of sludge
aerobic biological treatment of effluent
as high grade metal ores are becoming rare what are the new alternative?
low grade ores are being developed
what is phytomining?
plants absorb metal compounds through their roots
what is the process of phytomining?
planted which had absorbed metal compounds are harvested then burnt.
ash contains metal compounds
metal compound can be processed to obtain the metal from it
