Structure

Question 1

What must you do?

Answer 1

Identify and label different sections and talk about musical features in each
Name whole structure

Question 2

Apart from the macro structure what should you listen for?

Answer 2

Micro structure

Question 3

Binary

Answer 3

AB

Question 4

ABA

Answer 4

Ternary

Question 5

Rondo

Answer 5

ABACA…

Question 6

Initial melodic idea/theme is developed upon in subsequent sections with variation of initial theme in each.

Answer 6

Theme and variations

Question 7

How can variation can be achieved in theme and variations pieces & for repeated sections

Answer 7

• changing harmonies
• altered rhythm
• change of key/ tonality
• register
• tone colour (played by dif instrument)
• new accompaniment
• tempo/time signature

Question 8

What other forms could the piece be in?

Answer 8

Canon form
strophic form
Through composed

Question 9

Through composed

Answer 9

relatively continuous, non-sectional, and/or non-repetitive, has a different music for each stanza of the lyrics

Question 10

When were theme and variations pieces popular

Answer 10

Renaissance, baroque, romantic and beyond

Question 11

Sonata form

Answer 11

composition in three sections (exposition, development, and recapitulation) in which two themes or subjects are explored according to set key relationships.

Question 12

What is the development in a sonata

Answer 12

sections of initial theme heard but developed with new material

Question 13

What happens in recapitulation of a sonata

Answer 13

first 2 themes repeated without any alteration

Question 14

Exposition in a sonata

Answer 14

2 main themes played, can be repeated

Question 15

Fugue (mostly baroque)

Answer 15

a contrapuntal composition in which a short melody or phrase (the subject) is introduced by one part and successively taken up by others and developed by interweaving the parts.

Question 16

Ritornello

Answer 16

Used in solo concertos.
Opens with main theme called a ritornello played tutti by orchestra.
After tutti, solo instrument takes role
Part of ritonello returns followed by another solo from soloist that further develops solo music

Question 17

When were ritornellos played

Answer 17

mainly in baroque period

Question 18

structure refers to

Answer 18

How the piece is constructed and how it is divided into sections or parts to create a unified whole

Question 19

when talking about construction (microstructure) what are good things to discuss

Answer 19

Phrases, motifs, riffs, and ostinatos

Question 20

what should you do first and then second in a structure question?

Answer 20

name overall structure and then go on to talk about the construction/microstructure of each section

Question 21

identifying structure:

Answer 21

identify the main motifs and where these motifs re-occur •

Identify the main themes and where these themes re-occur

Question 22

how can you recognise a new section?

Answer 22

• Repetition of themes or motifs
• Development of themes or motifs
• Old material vs new material
• Label the themes eg: A, B, A1, C, etc.

Question 23

what is a structure question a disguise for?

Answer 23

an all concepts question

Question 24

what should you do for each section in a piece

Answer 24

discuss, in detail, the musical features of each section. Make sure you make relevant observations about each concept, with good musical features.

Question 25

what should are 8 things you should discuss for structure?

Answer 25

1. Repetition 2. Imitation 3. Variation 4. Contrast - 5. Sequences 6. Phrases - 7. Themes - 8. Improvisation

Question 26

how could structure achieve contrast

Answer 26

Any features of the music which change or are different throughout -

Question 27

how could structure achieve unity

Answer 27

The repetition of melody, rhythm or sections, or features of the music which remain constant throughout

Question 28

how could structure achieve balance

Answer 28

Aural features ‘take turns’ to play the melody etc or just with the layers of sound