Structural Theory Flashcards
Define Structural Theory
Compares the institutions in each political system and the processes within each institution.
Analysis of structural Theory
The structural approach believes that different political structures, such as two political systems having a different type of constitution, will lead to different political outcomes.
Evaluation/ Critique of Structural Theory
valuable framework for analysing how political systems and their institutions shape outcomes, but it can oversimplify complex political dynamics by underestimating the influence of individual agency and cultural factors.
Example of Structural Theory (UK + USA comparison) - MPs + Members of Congress
Looking at politicians in Congress and Parliament, they have different levels of power from each other. UK MPs are more limited because of the fused constitution (legislature and executive are fused) which creates a parliamentary system whereas the USA has a separation of powers. This means US members of Congress have a greater ability to act as they wish because there is less pressure from the executive (president).
Example of Structural Theory (UK + USA comparison) - POTUS + PM
Comparing the prime minister and president using the structural approach, the constitution creates very different structures in the UK and USA. Many US presidents have envied a British PM control over Parliament and many PMs might wish for the control presidents have over their cabinets. . Both presidents and prime ministers have seen some of their key policy goals restricted by court decisions.
