Roles of Congress

Question 1

Lawmaking

Answer 1

Primary Function – Congress’s most fundamental role is to make laws that address national issues. Bills can be introduced in either the House or Senate, and must pass both chambers before being sent to the president for approval or veto.
Example: The Affordable Care Act (2010) was passed by Congress to reform the healthcare system.

Question 2

Representation

Answer 2

House of Representatives – Represents the people based on population, with members elected for two-year terms.
Senate – Represents states equally, with two senators per state, serving six-year terms. Together, they represent the diverse interests of the American population.
Example: A senator from Wyoming (with a smaller population) represents a much smaller number of constituents than a representative from California.

Question 3

. Oversight and Accountability

Answer 3

Oversight of the Executive Branch – Congress has the power to investigate and review the actions of the executive branch to ensure that laws are being implemented effectively and fairly. This includes holding hearings, subpoenaing witnesses, and demanding reports.
Example: The House Judiciary Committee conducted hearings related to the Trump impeachment proceedings in 2019 and 2021.

Question 4

Power of the Purse

Answer 4

Control over Federal Spending – Only Congress has the authority to allocate government funds through the passage of the budget and appropriations bills. This power allows Congress to influence executive policy by controlling funding.
Example: Congress decides how much money is spent on defense, healthcare, education, and other programs.

Question 5

Impeachment

Answer 5

Removing Public Officials – The House has the power to impeach federal officials, including the president, by bringing charges of misconduct. If the House approves articles of impeachment