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CLASS 22010 MSK > STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM > Flashcards

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

7

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2
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

12

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3
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

5

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4
Q

The coccyx has how many fused vertebrae?

A

4

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5
Q

Lordotic curvature is cervical and ___ vertebrae

A

Lumbar

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6
Q

Kyphotic curvature is ____ and sacral curves

A

Thoracic

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7
Q

These are all included in the anatomy of what?

  1. body
    a. disc-shaped anterior portion
  2. vertebral arch
    a. posterior portion
    b. with the body creates a hole called vertebral foramen
  3. processes extending from the arch
    a. transverse process extending laterally on each side
    b. spinous process extending dorsally
    c. two each of superior and inferior articular processes that form joints with other vertebrae
A

Vertebral anatomy

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8
Q

What are the thoracic vertebrae?

A

T1-T12

a. larger than cervical
b. have facet for rib articulation

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9
Q

What are the largest and strongest vertebrae?

A

Lumbar (L1-L5)

a. spinous processes are short, thick

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10
Q

What is the foundation of the pelvic girdle?

A

Sacrum

a. S1-S5 fused into one unit
b. contain sacral foramina for nerves and blood vessels

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11
Q

True or False

Four coccygeal vertebrae fused into one unit is called Coccyx

A

True

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12
Q

What 3 things make up the sternum?

A
  1. manubrium
  2. body
  3. xyphoid process
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13
Q

What are the true ribs?

A

R1-R7

a. costal cartilage articulates directly with the sternum

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14
Q

What are the false ribs?

A

R8-R10

a. articulate with the sternum bi cartilage of Rib 7

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15
Q

What are the floating ribs?

A

R11-R12

a. do not articulate with the sternum at all

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16
Q

The clavicle articulates with the sternum ____

A

Medially

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17
Q

The clavicle articulates with the acromion _____

A

Laterally

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18
Q

What is known as the “strut” between the scapula and sternum?

A

Clavicle

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19
Q

What part of the shoulder is composed of the following?

  1. spine
  2. body
    a. vertebral border
    b. axillary border
  3. acromion
A

Scapula

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20
Q

What part of the scapula forms the “tip of the shoulder”?

A

Acromion

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21
Q

What part of the scapula extends anteriorly and superiorly over the humeral head?

A

Acromion

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22
Q

What provides an attachment sight for muscles and ligaments of the scapula?

A

Coracoid

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23
Q

The following are all ligaments of what?

  1. Acromioclavicular ligament
  2. Coracoclavicular ligament
  3. Coracoacromial ligament
A

Ligaments of the pectoral girdle

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24
Q

What cavity is shallow, allowing only about 25% of humeral head to make contact and articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint?

A

Glenoid Cavity

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25
Q

What forms a ring around the glenoid cavity?

A

Glenoid labrum

1. deepens the glenoid and provides more stability to the joint

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26
Q

What are the muscles of the of the rotator cuff? (SITS)

A
  1. Supraspinatus
  2. Infraspinatus
  3. Teres Minor
  4. Subscapularis
27
Q

What muscle of the rotator cuff assists the deltoid in abduction of the humerus at the shoulder?

A

Supraspinatus

28
Q

What muscle of the rotator cuff helps external rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint?

A

Infraspinatus

29
Q

What muscle of the rotator cuff helps extend the arm at shoulder and rotation of the arm externally?

A

Teres Minor

30
Q

What muscle of the rotator cuff helps with internal rotation of the arm at the shoulder?

A

Subscapularis

31
Q

What muscle abducts, flexes, and rotates the arm at the shoulder joint?

A

Deltoid

32
Q

What muscle is comprised of large multiple fibers that move the scapula multi-directionally?

A

Trapezius

33
Q

What muscle elevates the scapula and rotates downward?

A

Levator Scapula

34
Q

What muscle elevates and abducts the scapula, rotates it downward, and stabilizes it?

A

Rhomboid Major

35
Q

What muscle abducts and rotates the arm medially at the shoulder and flexes the arm at the shoulder joint?

A

Pectoralis Major

36
Q

What muscle extends, abducts, rotates the arm medially at the shoulder joint, and draws the arm downward and backwards?

A

Latissmus Dorsi

37
Q

What muscle extends the arm at the shoulder joint and assists with the adduction and rotation of the arm laterally?

A

Teres Major

38
Q

What muscle flexes and adducts the arm at the shoulder?

A

Coracobrachialis

39
Q

What are the three bones that comprise the elbow?

A
  1. Humerus
  2. Radius
  3. Ulna
40
Q

The olecranon is the proximal aspect of the ulna, protected by the olecranon bursa, and is the medical term for what?

A

Elbow

41
Q

The elbow is a hinge joint and can perform what four specific movements?

A
  1. flexion
  2. extension
  3. supination
  4. pronation
    * *supination and pronation occur only at the elbow**
42
Q

What muscle flexes the arm at the shoulder and flexes and supinates the forearm at the elbow?

A

Biceps Brachii

43
Q

What two muscles flex the forearm at the elbow joint?

A
  1. Brachialis

2. Brachioradialis

44
Q

What muscle extends from the forearm at the elbow joint and extends the arm at the shoulder?

A

Triceps Brachii

45
Q

What muscle supinates the forearm?

A

Supinator

46
Q

What muscle pronates the forearm?

A

Pronator teres

47
Q

The following are all called what and are bones of which body part?

  1. scaphoid
  2. lunate
  3. triquetrium
  4. pisiform
  5. trapezium
  6. trapezoid
  7. capitate
  8. hamate
A

Carpals, bones of the wrist

48
Q

What are the intermediate structures between the fingers (phalanges) and the carpal bones of the wrist?

A

Metacarpals

49
Q

Each metacarpal is composed of what?

A
  1. base (proximal)
  2. body (shaft)
  3. head (distal)
50
Q

What are the bones of the fingers referred to as?

A

Phalanges

51
Q

What joint is located on the first through the fifth digit of the hand?

A

Metacarpal Phalangeal Joint (MCP)

52
Q

What joints are located on the second through fifth digits of the hand?

A
  1. Proximal Interphalangeal Joint (PIP)

2. Distal Interphalangeal Joint (DIP)

53
Q

What muscle flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist?

A

flexor carpi radialis

54
Q

What muscle flexes and adducts the hand at the wrist?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

55
Q

What muscle weakly flexes the hand at the wrist joint?

A

Palmaris

56
Q

What muscle flexes the hand at the wrist and flexes the phalanges of each finger at the PIP joint?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

57
Q

What muscle flexes the hand at the wrist and flexes the phalanges of each finger at the DIP joint?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

58
Q

What muscle extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

59
Q

What muscle extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint?

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

60
Q

What muscle extends the hand at the wrist and extends the phalanges of each finger?

A

Extensor digitorum

61
Q

What nerve gives motor supply to most of the intrinsic hand muscles and gives sensation to the little finger and ½ of the ring finger? (excludes thenar muscle and two lumbricals on radial aspect)

A

Ulnar nerve

62
Q

What nerve affects the palmar and dorsal aspect of the first 3 and ½ fingers?

A

Median nerve

63
Q

What nerve affects the dorsum of the hand and lateral first 3 fingers and one half of the fourth finger?

A

Radial nerve

CLASS 22010 MSK (12 decks)

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