Stroke + TIA Flashcards
Ischaemic vs haemorrhagic strokes
Ischaemic vs haemorrhagic strokes
Sx of cerebellar stoke
- impaired cognitive function
- proprioception and motor coordination impairment
- vertigo
- vomiting
What does the CT + MRI demonstrate?
An old right posterior-inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) stroke and a subacute left PICA stroke
CT- The rest of the brain is NOT visible, suggesting that you are in the INFERIOR cerebellum (ie territory of AICA and PICA).
MRI- the temporal lobes ARE visible, suggesting that you are in the SUPERIOR cerebellum (ie territory of SCA).
CT- Region of hypodensity= infarct
MRI- Region of hyperdensity = infarct. In diffusion-
weighted MRI, infarcts lead to a lack of diffusion of
water molecules as Na/K pump breaks down,
leading to more intracellular water = bright signal.
What is the consequence of basilar artery occlusion?
can lead to altered consciousness, coma, or ‘locked-in’ syndrome, if the motor tracts(corticospinal/corticobulbar) are ischaemic but the more dorsal sensory tracts are spared.
What are haematomas the result of?
Haemaotomas are the result of bleeding into spaces (sub-arachnoid) or ‘potential’ spaces (epidural, subdural) within the meninges. Often, epidural haematoma is associated with the middle meningeal artery.
Epidural vs subdural haematomas
What are subarachnoid haematomas?
Subarachnoid haematomas are visible as blood in the subarachnoid space and the cisterns. Can be clinically asymptomatic through to fatal, though when they are the result of a ruptured aneurism, often are accompanied by a ‘thunderclap’ headache (due to the immediate rise in intracranial pressure)
What is a subfalcine herniation?
What is a transtentorial/central herniation?
What is an uncal herniation?
What is a tonsillar herniation?
