Stroke Classification Flashcards
Ischemic - thrombotic
Narrowing of damaged vascular lumen by an in situ process e.g clot formation
- artherosclerosis
- vasculitis
- arterial dissection
- polycythemia
- hypercoagulable state
- infection: HIV, syphilis, trichinosis, TB, aspergillosis
Symptoms: gradual onset & ? wax & wane
Common cause TIA
Ischaemic- Embolic
obstruction of a normal vascular lumen by intravascular material from a remote source
- valvular vegetation
- mural thrombi
- paradoxical emboli
- cardiac tumours (myxoma)
- arterial-arterial emboli from proximal source
- fat emboli
- particulate emboli (IVDU)
- septic emboli
Symptoms: sudden onset,
Ischemic- hypoperfusion
low blood flow state leading to hypo perfusion of brain
- cardiac failure resulting in systemic hypotension
Symptoms: diffuse injury pattern in watershed regions. Symptoms wax & wane with hemodynamic status
Hemorrhagic- ICH
intraparenchymal hemorrhage from previously weakend arterioles
- HTN
- amyloidosis
- iatrogenic anticoagulation
- vascular malformation
- cocaine use
Symptoms: ICP rises cause local neuronal damage. Secondary vasoconstriction mediated by blood breakdown products or neuronal mechanisms can cause remote perfusion changes
RF: advanced age, history of stroke, tobacco or ETOH use
more common asians & blacks
Hemorrhagic- Non traumatic SAH
Hemorrhage in subarachnoid space
- berry aneurysm rupture
- vascular malformation rupture
symptoms: maybe preceded by sentinel headache
