Stroke

Question 1

The Brain’s blood supply comes from common __________ and __________ arteries

Answer 1

Carotid

Vertebral

Question 2

The common carotid and vertebral arteries form a communication circle at the base of the brain called the __________ of __________

Answer 2

Circle of Willis

Question 3

The three main arteries of the brain which arise from the Circle of Willis are called?

Answer 3

Anterior Cerebral Arteries (ACA)

Middle Cerebral Arteries (MCA)

Posterior Cerebral Arteries (PCA)

Question 4

Lack of blood flow to tissue or organ

Answer 4

Ischemia

Question 5

What are the two types of strokes and what leads to them?

Answer 5

Ischemic Stroke - Blockage in blood vessel (80% of strokes)

Hemmorhagic - Rupture in blood vessels (20% of strokes)

Question 6

What are the two classifications of Ischemic Strokes?

Answer 6

Large-Vessel Thrombosis - blockage in one of the larger blood-supplying arteries

Small-Vessel Thrombosis - blockage in one of the smaller, but deeper, arteries

Question 7

Symptoms and Prognosis for a strok depends on where the __________ occured and __________ and __________ of blockage

Answer 7

Stroke

Severity

Duration

Question 8

Deficits observed in a stroke will specific to __________ of affected region and will be observed on __________ side of body from where stroke occured

Answer 8

Function

Opposite

Question 9

Cerebellar strokes result in __________

Answer 9

Ataxia

Question 10

What are some deficits observed in Ataxia?

Answer 10

Motor impairment

Difficulty walking

Balance and Coordination problems

Question 11

Which type of stroke is less common but accounts for nearly 40% of all stroke deaths

Answer 11

Hemorrhagic

Question 12

Which type of Hemorrhagic stroke is most common and results in a blood vessel rupturing and blood leaking into surrounding brain tissue?

Answer 12

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Question 13

An Intracerebral Hemorrhagic stroke leads to __________ (edema) and increased __________ as well as can lead to damaged cells resulting in cell __________

Answer 13

Swelling

Pressure

Death

Question 14

What are the two most common causes of an Intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke and what is the mortality rate?

Answer 14

High blood pressure and Aging blood vessels

35% mortality rate

Question 15

A subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke is the result of bleeding in the __________ space with a mortality rate of __________

Answer 15

Subarachnoid

40-50% (prognosis not good)

Question 16

The most common cause of a subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke is a burst __________, which is __________-filled bulge in weakened blood __________ wall

Answer 16

Aneurysm

Blood

Vessel

Question 17

The brain relies on blood supply to get its __________ and __________ since it has nearly no __________ stores of its own

Answer 17

Glucose and Oxygen

Energy

Question 18

As little as __________ minutes with no blood flow to the brain can result in permanent __________ damage and __________ deficits

Answer 18

Four

Cellular

Functional

Question 19

The cascade of __________ events following a stroke are what cause the real __________ to the primary site and surrounding regions

Answer 19

Cellular

Damage

Question 20

What are the two distinct damaged regions after stroke?

Answer 20

The Core - Area directly affected by occluded vessel

The Penumbra - The outskirts of the lesion, receiving blood flow from other vessels