Stroke Flashcards
The Brain’s blood supply comes from common __________ and __________ arteries
Carotid
Vertebral
The common carotid and vertebral arteries form a communication circle at the base of the brain called the __________ of __________
Circle of Willis
The three main arteries of the brain which arise from the Circle of Willis are called?
Anterior Cerebral Arteries (ACA)
Middle Cerebral Arteries (MCA)
Posterior Cerebral Arteries (PCA)
Lack of blood flow to tissue or organ
Ischemia
What are the two types of strokes and what leads to them?
Ischemic Stroke - Blockage in blood vessel (80% of strokes)
Hemmorhagic - Rupture in blood vessels (20% of strokes)
What are the two classifications of Ischemic Strokes?
Large-Vessel Thrombosis - blockage in one of the larger blood-supplying arteries
Small-Vessel Thrombosis - blockage in one of the smaller, but deeper, arteries
Symptoms and Prognosis for a strok depends on where the __________ occured and __________ and __________ of blockage
Stroke
Severity
Duration
Deficits observed in a stroke will specific to __________ of affected region and will be observed on __________ side of body from where stroke occured
Function
Opposite
Cerebellar strokes result in __________
Ataxia
What are some deficits observed in Ataxia?
Motor impairment
Difficulty walking
Balance and Coordination problems
Which type of stroke is less common but accounts for nearly 40% of all stroke deaths
Hemorrhagic
Which type of Hemorrhagic stroke is most common and results in a blood vessel rupturing and blood leaking into surrounding brain tissue?
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
An Intracerebral Hemorrhagic stroke leads to __________ (edema) and increased __________ as well as can lead to damaged cells resulting in cell __________
Swelling
Pressure
Death
What are the two most common causes of an Intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke and what is the mortality rate?
High blood pressure and Aging blood vessels
35% mortality rate
A subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke is the result of bleeding in the __________ space with a mortality rate of __________
Subarachnoid
40-50% (prognosis not good)
The most common cause of a subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke is a burst __________, which is __________-filled bulge in weakened blood __________ wall
Aneurysm
Blood
Vessel
The brain relies on blood supply to get its __________ and __________ since it has nearly no __________ stores of its own
Glucose and Oxygen
Energy
As little as __________ minutes with no blood flow to the brain can result in permanent __________ damage and __________ deficits
Four
Cellular
Functional
The cascade of __________ events following a stroke are what cause the real __________ to the primary site and surrounding regions
Cellular
Damage
What are the two distinct damaged regions after stroke?
The Core - Area directly affected by occluded vessel
The Penumbra - The outskirts of the lesion, receiving blood flow from other vessels
