Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroanatomy > Stroke > Flashcards

Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

What is the proportion of hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes to the total strokes in US?

A

17% hemorrhagic

83% ischemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Non-modifiable risk factors for stroke

A

Age
Sex
Ethnicity
Family History

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Modifiable Risk Factors for Stroke (maximum RR high to low)

A

Diabetes, Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Carotid Stenosis, Smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sudden Symptoms of a Stroke

A
  • Numbness/ weakness of FACE, ARM, or LEG especially on one side of the body
  • confusion or trouble speaking or understanding SPEECH
  • trouble seeing in one or both EYES
  • trouble WALKING, dizziness, or loss of BALANCE or coordination
  • severe HEADACHE with unknown cause
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ischemic Stroke subtypes (most common to least common)

A

Embolic Stroke (33%), Large Vessel Thrombosis (30%) , Small Vessel Thrombosis (20%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke subtypes (most common to least)

A 
Intracerebral hemorrhage (10%) 
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (7%)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is leading cause of disability?

A

stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Middle Cerebral Artery distribution

A

lateral surface of cortex and insla including Brocha’s Motor Speech Area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which fissure on left hemisphere is associated with language?

A

Sylvian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is inferior temporal lobe supplied by MCA?

A

No it is supplied by posterior cereebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What arteriy between precentral and postcentrul gyri ? what part of the body is this associated with?

A

Central artery, arm, hand , and face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What two behavioral functions are associated with MCA?

A

Reception and Exp. Language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Is posgerior temporal artery associated with reception or language?

A

recepion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what surface is supplied by anterior cerebral artery?

A

medial surface of parietal and frontal lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sensory loss in leg and food could be due to a stroke in what artery?

A

Anterior Cerebral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Visual cortex is supplied by what artery?

A

Posterior Cerebral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Basilar artery supplies what parts of brain?

A

brainstem and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What portions of the parietal and temporal lobes supplied by the Posterior Cerebral Artery

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anterior and posterior midbrain is supplied by what artery

A

Posterior cerebral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What portion of thalamus is supplied by PCA?

A

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A lacunar stroke occurs from blocking off what MCA branch?

A

Lenticulostriate Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

In a cross-sectional CT scan, is white matter darker or lighter than grey matter? more lateral or medial

A

darker and more medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Left MCA stroke common presentation

A

Right hemiparesis : Face=Hand>Arm> Leg
Expressive and Receptive Aphasia
Anterior division: left head and eye deviation
Posterior Division: Visual field deficit, aphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why do is leg hemiparesis affected in LMCA stroke?

A

leg nuerons cuth through cortex provided by MCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Damage to the non dominant hemisphere of the MCA leads to what clinical manifestation?

A

Contralateral neglect caused by Right MCA stroke

26
Q

Anterior Division of MCA stroke leads to what presentation

A

right head and eye deviation

27
Q

RMCA Posterior Division Stroke leads to

A

Visual field deficit and neglect

28
Q

complete loss of sensation of the contralateral face, arm, trunk, and leg

A

Hemihypaesthesia

29
Q

Bilateral PCA stroke presentation

A

Visual field deficit or cortical blindness if bilateral. May have hemihypaesthesia

30
Q

Brainstem stroke occurs in which artery?

A

Basialr

31
Q

3 main presentaitons of Basilar artery stroke

A

Altered Cosciousness or Coma
often bilateral signs
cranial nerve signs and “crossed: signs

32
Q

Lacunar Syndrome in Internal capsule presentation

A

Pure motor hemiplegia (FAce=Arm=Leg/because nerves bundle at capsule)

33
Q

Lacunar Syndrome at thalamus presentation

A

Pure sensory Hypaesthesia (Face=Arm=Leg)

34
Q

Lacunar Syndrome at Pons presentation

A

Dysarthria Clumsy Hand Syndrome

35
Q

Lacunar Syndromes presentation ``

A

Ataxic Hemiparesis

36
Q

What color is a lacunar stroke on CT? why?

A

black because damaged area is replaced by CSF

37
Q

Aphasia usually corresponds to

A

left hemispheric stroke (right sided weakness)

38
Q

Vertical nystagmus is what pathology until proven otherwise

A

brainstem ischemia

39
Q

What area of brain is involved if crossed signs are seen ?

A

brainstem

40
Q

Vertigo is almost always associated with what?

A

Cranial nerve deficits, rarely stroke

41
Q

patients usually look towards or away from lesion in frontal eye fields?

A

towards

42
Q

Lacunar stroke and a blown open lentiustrates can be caused by what? will lead to what?

A

caused by hypertension and blown up arteries(not blocked) and can lead to intracerebral hemorrhage

43
Q

Classify a hemorrhage with blood in Sylvian fissure /intrahemispheric fissure

A

Subarachnoid

44
Q

Bleeding in between dura and brain is known as

A

Subdural Hematoma

45
Q

An older blood clot is less or more dense in a CT scan

A

less (Hypodense) because tissue is ischemic

46
Q

What are some early CT changes of stroke?

A 
early infarct signs
hypodensity of white or grey matter
Obliteration of cortical sulci
Obscured basal ganglia
Loss of insular ribbon
47
Q

A stroke supplying the medial hemisphere of occipital lobe would belong to what aretery

A

PCA

48
Q

Thrombus in MCA would be hypo or hyperdense?

A

hyper

49
Q

A hyperdense region in CT can indicate..

A

Tumor or thrombus

50
Q

when can restoration of blood flow reduce chance of stroke?

A

If the neurons get 50% of blood from the arteries. (If it relies on 80-90% it would die within minutes of blood flow loss)

51
Q

Thrombolytic Therapy Inclusion Criteria

A 
Acute Ischemic stroke (not mimic)
Less than 80 yo
Less than 3 hours onset
CT normal or indicates early focal infarction
Less than 24 in NIHSS 
Absence of excluisonary ccritrreia 
Informed consent
52
Q

Thrombolytic Therapy Exclusion Criteria:

A 
Hemrrhage or very large infarction CT sign
Undetermined Onset time
Uncontrollablle HTN or blood sugar
Recent Trauma, Major Surgery or Bleeding
Abnormal Coagulation Profile
Rapidly Resolving Deficit
Hemodynamic Compromise from MI
53
Q

Lenticulastriate arteries supply

A

Basal Ganglia
Amygdala
Internal Capsule
Anterior Thalamu

54
Q

Anterior choroidal artery supply

A

Hippocampus
Anterior choroid plexus
Posterior internal capsule

55
Q

Posterior Communiccating Branches supply

A

anterior midbrain
crus cerebri
thalamus

56
Q

Crus cerbebri is supplied partially by which 3 arteries?

A

Basilar branches, Posterior Cerebral, Posterior communicating branches

57
Q

Basilar branches supply

A

pons and anterior midbrain

58
Q

Anterior inferior cerebellar arteries supply

A

Inferior surface of cerebellar cortex and dorsolateral pons, rostral medulla

59
Q

Posterior Inferior cerebellar arteries supply

A

dorsolateral medulla and pons,
medial cerebellum
cerebellar cortex

60
Q

Anterior Spinal artery supply

A

Ventral 2/3 spinal cord and medial medulla

61
Q

Symptoms of top of basilar occlusion

A

bilateral blindness,

memory loss, somatosensory loss, coma and death

Neuroanatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions