Stress: As a transaction (Lazarus and Folkman)

Question 1

Name of model (stress as a transaction)

Answer 1

Transactional Model of Stress and Coping

Question 2

Year of Model

Answer 2

1984I

Question 3

Inventors of Model

Answer 3

Lazarus and Folkman

Question 4

Process

Answer 4

Stressor -> stress (individual vs cognitive appraisal of event) -> response (coping)

Question 5

Coping

Answer 5

Process by which individual manages challenges they perceive as stressful along with emotions associated with them

Question 6

How does stress arise?

Answer 6

From individuals’ continual need to assess current situation when interacting with their environment

Question 7

Role of cognitive appraisal

Answer 7

Individuals make judgments on environmental event through cognitive appraisal

Psychological stress emerges from relationship between individual and cognitive appraisal of event

Cognitive appraisal determines if event is successful

Question 8

Primary appraisal

Answer 8

Initial assessment of situation to determine whether situation is a potential threat or challenge

Question 9

Secondary appraisal

Answer 9

Available resources and coping options evaluated to see what can be used to manage the situation

Question 10

Emotion-focused coping

Answer 10

Goal is to manage emotional reactions to stress

Will use when perceived one does not have the resources to effectively respond to, or cope with, the stress

e.g. meditation, relaxation technique

Question 11

Problem-faced coping

Answer 11

Addressing root cause of the stress

Utilised when individuals who believe they have the resources to deal with the stress

Research solutions, working on a plan to resolve