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Psych > Stress, Anxiety and Trauma > Flashcards

Stress, Anxiety and Trauma Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 stages of stress adaptation

A

alarm
resistance
exhaustion

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2
Q

What does the alarm stage deal with

A

fight or flight

catecholamines and cortisol are released

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3
Q

What is required to enter stage two of stress resp

A

coping from stage 1

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4
Q

What happens in stage 2 of stress response

A

continued cortisol release keeping us constantly aroused

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5
Q

What happens in stage 3 of stress resp exhaustion

A

the body’s resources are depleted and our immune system is commpromised

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6
Q

Why does blood glucose incresase during stress

A

bec the pituitary gland releases ACTH which stims the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids

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7
Q

What are some complications that chronic stress can increased the risk of acquiring

A 
asthma 
stomach ulcers
skin disorders 
heart disease 
cancer
depression
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8
Q

Stress reductoin techniques

A

relaxation activities
physical activity
social support

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9
Q

How long do symps need to persist for it to be PTSD

A

more than a month

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10
Q

What is acute stress disorder

A

experience from a traumatic event causing PTSD symptoms for at least 3 days but less than 1 month

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11
Q

What should be done with patients who just experienced a traumatic event

A

a debriefing and possibly meds like benzo’s for anxiety in the daytime and sedatives for sleep

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12
Q

What are some treatments for PTSD

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Group therapy with others who have had traumatic experiences
Family therapy
medications

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13
Q

What is a med given for intrusive experiences for PTSD

A

SSRI

2nd gen antipsychs

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14
Q

What are intrusive experiences

A

flashbacks
avoidance
numbness

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15
Q

What are some meds given for panic attacks for PTSD

A

antidepressents

MAOI’s

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16
Q

What are some meds given for hyperarousal for PTSD

A

antidepresants
benzo’s
anticonvulsants

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17
Q

What med is given for nightmares for PTSD

A

prazosin

Beta blockers

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18
Q

What is propranolol good for

A

reduces emotional memory of the traumatic exp (nightmares)

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19
Q

What is D-cycloserine good for

A

reduces social anxiety

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20
Q

What is prazosin good for

A

nightmares and insomnia

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21
Q

What is ketamine good for

A

helps with negative memory

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22
Q

What is the diff between stress and anx

A

anx- unkwn cause

stress- internal or external stressor is introduced to the person, knwn cause

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23
Q

What are some symptoms of mild anx

A

agitation
restlessness
increased motivation
attention seeking behavior

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24
Q

What are some symps of moderate anx

A 
agitation 
muscle tension
poor concentration 
voice changes 
shakiness
body function changes like increased urine freq, HA, insomnia
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25
Q

What are some symps of severe anx

A 
unresponsiveness
focuses on one or few details
very poor concentration 
feelings of dread, purposeless
confusion
loud or fast speech
diaphoresis
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26
Q

What are some symps of panic anx

A 
Sense of doom 
irrational thoughts 
chest pain, SOB, dizziness
distorted perception 
unintelligible speech
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27
Q

What are some types of anx disorders

A

panic
separation
phobias
generalized

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28
Q

What is panic disorder

A

recurrent panic attacks typically lasting 15-30 minutes that affect the pats self care, social life, or occupation

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29
Q

What are some mani’s of panic disorder

A 
palpitations 
SOB
choking sensation 
chest pain 
nausea 
fear of dying or insanity
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30
Q

What is required to diagnose panic dis

A

at least four of the mani’s

31
Q

What are social phobias

A

fear of embarassments or performing infront of others
believes others are judging negatively
impaired relationships

32
Q

What are agoraphobia

A

avoids being outside
impaired ability to perform duties
extreme fear of specific places

33
Q

What is generalized anx disorder

A

excessive uncontrollable anx for more than 6 months

34
Q

Whats an example of generalized anx dis

A

newborn mother worrying about everything

35
Q

What are some mani’s of gen anx dis

A 
restlessness
insomnia 
mus tension 
avoidance of stressful activities 
procrastination 
seeks repeated assurance
36
Q

What is obsessive compulsive dis

A

constant attempts to relieve anx through compulsicve or obsessive actions

37
Q

Are the obsessive actions time consuming

A

yes

38
Q

Care for all types of anx disorders

A

use structured interviews
assess
Assess for substance use disorder
Provide safety and comfort
Remain with the client during worst anxiety
Perform a suicide risk assessment
Provide a safe environment for other client and staff
Provide milieu therapy
enhance self esteem by having client listen to others success

39
Q

Should you do teaching during a crisis for a patient

A

no

40
Q

What should the milieu therapy include

A

A structured environment for physical safety and predictability
Monitoring for, and protect against self-harm or suicide
Daily activities that encourage the client to share and be cooperative
Use therapeutic communication skills, such as open-ended questions
Client participation in decision making

41
Q

What is eye movement desensitization and reprocessing using for mostly

A

PTSD

42
Q

What meds are used to treat anx disorders

A

SSRI’s first
but use benzo’s for symptomatic short term anx
nonbarbiturates like buspirone for long term treatment
can also use Beta Blockers and antihistamines

43
Q

Discharge teaching of anx

A

mani’s of anx
notify when symps get worse
dont adjust dosage or stop
help client ID coping mechs that work and dont work
teach that using the alt methods to reduce anx may help to improve the meds effects and that you might even need less of them

44
Q

What is the patho of PTSD

A

overactive HPA pathway or amydala

genetic inheritance

45
Q

What meds are given to treat a treatment resistant PTSD pat

A

2nd gen antipsych’s

anticonvulsants

46
Q

When should morphine be used to treat PTSD

A

only soon after the traumatic event and for a short period of time

47
Q

What neurotramitters are the most involved with anx dis and how are they usu disregulated

A

5- HT increased or decreased
glutamate increased
GABA decreased

48
Q

How long do symps of anx dis need to be present to be diagnosed with a disorder

A

6 mo

49
Q

What is serotonin =s action s

A

slow mood booster

50
Q

Manis of low serotoninn

A

depression

anx

51
Q

Manis of hgih serotonin

A

irritability
anx
serotonin syn

52
Q

What is norepi’s action

A

moderate mood booster
energizer
motivator

53
Q

mani’s of low norepi

A

apathy
lack of motivation
depression

54
Q

Mani’s of high norepi

A

anx

hyperactiveness

55
Q

What is GABA’s action s

A

soother

camler

56
Q

Mani;s of low GABA

A

anx
irritable
hyperactive

57
Q

mani;s of high GABA

A

sedation

confusion

58
Q

What is glutamates action

A

fast energizer

59
Q

Mani’s of low glutamate

A

apathy

low energy

60
Q

manis of high glutamate

A

aggressionn

mania

61
Q

What is dopamines action

A

moderate to high energizer

motivator

62
Q

Mani’s of low dopamine

A

amotivation
poor executive function
decreased mood

63
Q

Mani’s of high dopamone

A

psychosis

mania

64
Q

Is a difference between eustress and distress

A

eustress is a stress that is beneficial in some way and has a ending

65
Q

Because most people will eventually experience a traumatic experience, what else is likely needed for someone to end up with PTSD from the event

A

abnorm HPA
overactive amygdala
probs with the hypocampus like atrophy so the pat might have memory probs

66
Q

What is an example of memory probs with PTSD pats

A

they cannot recall the event accurately

67
Q

Symptoms of PTSD

A 
recurring negative thought
nigthmares 
flashbacks 
avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
numbing of responses 
hyperactivity/vigilance
68
Q

Is suicide common with PTSD

A

yes

69
Q

Risk factors of PTSD

A

parents have it

TBI’s

70
Q

Why are SSRI’s used for treating PTSD

A

bec major depression is common and it also treats the hyperactivity in PTSD

71
Q

What are some examples of anticonvulsants

A

lamitor

depakote

72
Q

What is affected in OCD

A

the superego

73
Q

How long do SSRI’s take to kick in

A

6-8 wks

74
Q

What is psychoeducaiton

A

the symptoms, patho, and causing of an illness

Psych (14 decks)

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