Stress Flashcards
How can stress be viewed?
An individual’s reaction to change that requires an adjustment of response, which can be physical, mental or emotional
What is an adaptive response to stress?
Behavior that maintains the integrity of the individual
Viewed as positive and his correlated with healthy response
Has a timely, returned the equilibrium
What is a maladaptive response to stress
When behavior disrupts the integrity of an individual
Consider to be negative or unhealthy
What is a stressor?
A biological physiological, social, or chemical factor that causes physical or emotional tension
May contribute to the development of certain illnesses
How did hand selye define stress
State manifested by specific syndrome that consist of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biological system
Changes within a biological symptom, has often been come to known as
Fight or flight syndrome
What is the alarm reaction? Stage of stress?
During this stage, the physiological response of fighter flight syndrome or initiated
What is the stage of resistance of stress?
The individual uses the psychological response of the first stage of the defense in the attempt to adapt to the stressor. If the adaptation occurs, the third stage is prevented or delayed psychological symptoms may disappear.
What is the stage of exhaustion of stress?
This stage occurs when the body responds to prolong exposure to a stressor diseases of adaptation may occur
Without intervention for reversal of stage of exhaustion, what can happen?
Exhaustion, and in some cases even death
What are some diseases of adaptation of stress?
Headaches
Mental disorders
Coronary artery disease
Ulcers
Colitis
Are emotional stressors resolved faster than physical stressors
No, they are not resolved, as rapidly as physical stressors
What happens when the stress response comes more chronic
The bodies existence in the arouse condition for extended time periods, promotes, susceptibility to disease
25-year-old man barely avoid a motor vehicle accident. His heart is pounding. His palms are sweaty, and his respirations are increase. This is an example of which stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
Alarm reaction stage
Stage of resistance
Stage of exhaustion
Stage of biological stress
Alarm reaction stage
What does stress create in someone’s life?
Change it in the pattern of the individual require significant adjustment and lifestyle and taxes available personnel resources
Can either be positive or negative
How is stress measured
By the Miller and rahe recent life changes questionnaire
What does a high score on the RLCQ mean?
high score places the individual at greater susceptibility to physical or physiological illness
When can an RLCQ be completed
Considering life stressors within six months or one year.
Do individuals different reactions to life events
Yes, these variations are related to the degree of which the change is perceived as stressful
Why are life changes questionnaires criticize?
They do not consider the individuals perception of the event
Stress is a transaction between individual in the environment. What does this come sept emphasize?
Relationship between the internal variables within an individual in the external variables, the environment
What is the precipitating event
A stimulus arising from the internal or external environment, and perceived by the individual in a specific manner
What is cognitive appraisal?
Is an individual’s evaluation of a personal significance of an event or occurrence
What are the three types of primary appraisal?
Irrelevant
Benign positive
Stress appraisals include Harm Loss threat and challenge
What does an event being judged as a I irrelevant mean?
The outcome holds no significance for the individual
What does benign positive outcome mean?
When is perceived as producing pleasure for the individual
What does the interaction between the primary appraisal of an event in a secondary appraisal of available coping strategies determine
The quality of the individuals adaptation response to stress
What is the secondary appraisal? It
An assessment of skills, resources, and knowledge that a person possesses to deal with the situation
How does an individual evaluate stress?
I asking themselves which coping strategies are available to me
What are the options? I choose to be effective.
Do I have the ability to use the strategy in an effective manner?
A student with an a averages to take an exam the student is relaxed and says the exam is not of a concern, because a failing grade would not affect successful completion of the course which has contributed to the students adaptation response to stress
The student judges the event is irrelevant
The actual precipitating event
The students cognitive appraisal of the situation
The event is appraised as challenging
The students cognitive appraisal of the situation
What are predisposing factors?
Strongly influence, whether the response is adaptive or maladaptive
What are some types of predisposing factors
Genetic influences
Past experiences
Existing conditions
How can I existing conditions affect stress
The incorporate vulnerabilities that influence the adequacy of the individuals, physical psychological, and social resources for dealing with adaptive demands
What is stress management?
The use of coping strategies in response to stressful situations
When are coping strategies adaptive?
When they protect the individual from harm
When they strengthen the individuals ability to meet challenging situations
What are some adaptive coping strategies?
Awareness
Relaxation
Meditation
Interpersonal communication
Problem-solving
Pets and music
When, addressing with her client is exhibiting adaptive responses to stressors, the nurse must recognize which of the following
Adaptive responses are those that preserve the integrity of the individual
Adaptive responses eliminate all stressors
adaptive responses can only be achieved through intensive therapy
Adaptive responses or whatever the client perceives them to be
Adaptive responses are those that preserve the integrity of the individual
Why is stress management so important to one’s overall health?
Stress related disorder, strength in the immune system
Sub stained response to stress can increase vulnerability to verity of diseases in maladaptive coping responses
Relaxation exercises are effective in preventing disorders, such as depression and suicide
All of the above
Sustained responses to stress can increase vulnerability to variety of diseases in maladaptive coping responses
Elaina has just received a promotion on her job. She is very happy and excited about moving up in her company but she has been experiencing anxiety since receiving the news. The nurse accurately assesses her primary appraisal of the situation as which of the following
Benign positive
Irrelevavant
Challenging
Threatening
Challenging
Which of the following statements by the client are examples of adaptive coping mechanisms
I like to take the edge off I having a few drinks
I need to pay more attention to my calorie intake because I gained 10 pounds in the last month
When the stress gets to be too much, I feel better after I kick the dog
 I start try to stay away from people because it’s less stressful than arguing with everybody
I need to pay more attention to the calorie intake because I gained 10 pounds in the last month
A client reports hearing on last nights evening news the 25 people were killed in a tornado in south Texas but it appears to Xpress no anxiety in response to the stressful situation which of these actions by the nurse is a priority
Ask where the person lives
Assess the clients perception of the relevance of this event
Encourage the client to use adaptive coping skills to help others through this tragedy
Score of the client grew up
Assess the clients perception about the relevance of this event
 A client regularly develops, nausea and vomiting when she is faced with a stressful situation, which of the following should be considered, when attempting to identify predisposes factors associated with Cindy’s response select
Identify what happened right before she had the most recent episode of nausea and vomiting
Consider genetic influence
Identify any existing physical conditions that make the client more vulnerable to respond in this way
Explore past experiences that may resulted in becoming a learned response
Consider genetic influences
Identify any existing conditions that might make the client more vulnerable to respond in this way
Exploria past experiences that may have resulted in becoming a learned response
A client comes to the mental health clinic with reports of anxiety and depression, regarding the transactional model of stress and adaptation, which of the following are important nursing actions when assessing his complaints select
Evaluate the clients perception of precipatung events
Ask the client about pest stressors in degree of positive coping abilities
Assess the clients existing social supports
Evaluate the clients physical strength
Monitor the client’s temperature
Evaluate the clients perception of precipitating event
As the client about pet stressors in the degree of positive coping abilities
Assess the clients existing social supports
A client says to the nurse. I think the medication might be a good thing for reducing anxiety, but I’ve never learned how to do it which of these would be the most appropriate response by the nurse.
Instruct the client that antianxiety medication must be taken before engaging in meditation
Ask why the client never learned this method of relaxation
Educate the client about the evidence, supporting pet therapy is the most effective psychosocial coping mechanism
Educate the client about how to engage in mindfulness meditation 
Educate the client about how to engage in mindfulness meditation
A client tells the nurse, my spouse and I get into a big fight and I just stormed out because I didn’t know what else to do which action by the nurse is a priority at this point
Encourage the client to seek legal advice from a divorce lawyer
Ask the client to describe the spouses side of the story
Affirm the clients response as the most appropriate way to reduce anxiety and such situations
Assess the client to describe the events
Assist the client to describe the events
A new client tells the nurse at mental health clinic. I was so stressed out after work today and trying to get to my appointment here on time that I started having chest pain which is the action by the nurse is a priority at this point.
Offer the client antianxiety medication as prescribed
Assess the clients physical status, including vital signs
Reinforce that since the client arrived on time, there’s nothing to worry about
Help the client to identify adaptive coping mechanisms for dealing with stress
Assess the clients physical status, including vital signs
What’s is the DSM-5
Universal guide for diagnosis does not include treatment because treatment is not universal
