Personality Disorders Flashcards
What is personality defined as
Emotional and behavioral characteristics that are particular to a specific person, and that remain somewhat stable and predictable overtime
What is the definition of personality traits?
Define as characteristics with which an individual is born or develops early in life
They influenced the way people perceive and relate to the environment and are quite stable overtime
Define personality disorders
Occurs when these traits deviate from the expectations of the individuals culture become rigid and flexible contribute to male adaptive patterns of behavior or impairment or functioning, and lead to distress 
How many types of personality disorders are identified in the DSM five
10
 what are the most common symptoms occurring in personality disorders?
Impairment and interpersonal relationship functions, and dysfunctions in the cognition,affect, an impulse control
What are the three clusters that classify personality disorders, according to descriptions of personality traits?
Cluster a behaviors described as odd or eccentric
Cluster B behaviors described as dramatic, emotional or erratic
Cluster C behaviors described as anxious or fearful
What personality disorder go into cluster a
Cluster a behaviors described as odd or eccentric
Paranoid, personality disorder
Schizoid, personality disorder
Schizotypal personality disorder
What personality disorders classify in cluster B
Cluster bee behaviors described as dramatic, emotional or erratic
Antisocial, personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Histrionic, personality disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder
What personality disorders classify under cluster C
Cluster C behaviors described as anxious or fearful
Avoidant, personality disorder
Dependent personality disorder
Obsessive, compulsive, personality disorder
What is the definition of paranoid personality disorder?
A pattern of persuasive mistrust in suspiciousness of others and misinterpretation of others motives as malviolent
What are some characteristics of someone with paranoid personality disorder?
Constantly on guard
Hyper vigilant
Ready for any real or imagined threat
Irritable
Holds grudges
Oversensitive and misinterpret things
 they do not accept responsibility for their behaviors

How does someone with a paranoid personality disorder interact with others
Hard exterior
Become immune or insensitive to feelings of others
Avoid interactions
Feel like people are plotting against them
Trust, no one
Envious and hostile to those of higher success
Anticipate humiliation and betrayal
Why would a person with paranoid personality disorder, have an outburst in aggression and violence
The desire for appraisal and fiction is so intense that a possible loss of control will result in aggression and violence
Outburst are usually brief
How do you get paranoid personality disorder?
History of childhood trauma, including neglect
Subjected parental harassment
Learn to perceive world is harsh and unkind
What is the pneumonic for paranoid personality disorder
GET FACT
GRUDGES HELD FOR LONG PERIODS
Exploitation expected
Trust worthiness of others doubted
Fidelity of sexual partner questioned
Attack on characters are perceived
Confides and others rarely, if at all
Threatening meaning read into event
What is the definition of schizoid personality disorder?
Characterized primarily by a profound deficient in the ability to form personal relationships
Display a lifelong pattern of social withdrawal, and their discomfort with human interaction as apparent
What are some characteristics of someone with schizoid personality disorder?
Appear cold aloof, and indifferent to others
Engage in solitary activities, more with animals than people
Prefer work and isolation
Unsociable, Little need or desire for emotional ties
How is someone with schizoid personality disorder perceived by others
Shy, anxious, or uneasy
Inappropriately serious about everything
Unable to experience pleasure,
Want nothing to do with others 
How was the childhood of someone with schizoid personality disorder described?
We cold and lacking empathy and nurturing
What is the pneumonic for schizoid personality disorder?
Sir safe
Solitary lifestyle
Indifferent to praise or criticism
Relationships of no interest
Sexual experiences not of interest
Activities not enjoyed
Friends lacking
Emotionally, cold, and detached
What is the definition of schizotypal personality disorder?
Latent schizophrenics
Behavior is odd in eccentric, but does not decompensate to the level of schizophrenia
Significant peculiarities, and thinking behavior and appearance
What are some characteristics of someone with schizotypal personality disorder?
Aloof and isolated and behave in a bland and apathetic manner
Magical, thinking ideas of reference illusions depersonalization are a part of their everyday world
Speech pattern is sometimes bizarre
Can’t orient thoughts logically 
Under stress or social anxiety what happens to someone someone with schizotypal personality disorder
Under stress individuals may decompensate and demonstrates psychotic symptoms such as delusional, thoughts, hallucinations, or bizarre behaviors
Social anxiety is persuasive, and includes paranoid fears
How do people perceive someone with schizotypal disorder
Like they are living in their own world
Talk to themselves
Affect, bland or inappropriate, such as laughing at their own problems
How long does a person with schizo typo personality disorder decompensate for
A duration of time
What is a predisposing factor of schizotypical personality?
Common among first-degree, biological relatives of a people with schizophrenia
What is the pneumonic for schizotypal personality disorder?
UFO AIDER
Unusual perceptions
Friendless, except for Family 🏠
Odd beliefs, thinking, and speech
Affect in inappropriate constricted
Ideas of reference
Doubts of other suspicious
Eccentric appearance and behavior
Reluctant and social situations anxious 
What is the definition of antisocial personality disorder?
Pattern of socially irresponsible exploited, and guiltless behavior that reflects in a general disregard for the rights of others
Exploit and manipulate others for personal game, and unconcerned with obeying the law
Difficulty sustaining, consistent, employment and developing stable relationships
What is the definition of borderline personality disorder?
A pattern of intense and chaotic relationships with effective instability and fluctuating attitudes towards other people
Individuals are impulsive and directly, indirectly self-destructive, with a lack of clear sense of identity
What is the definition of histrionic personality disorder
Characterized by colorful, dramatic and extroverted behavior and excitable emotional people
Difficulty maintaining long lasting relationships, although they require constant affirmation of approval and acceptance from others
Often engage in seductive, flirtatious behavior to reassure themselves of their attractiveness
What are some characteristics of a person with histrionic personality disorder?
Self dramatizing
Attention seeking
Overly gregarious and seductive
Manipulative behaviors, to gain their demands and be center of attention
Highly distractible
Flighty by nature
Difficulty paying attention to detail
Highly suggestible, impressionable and easily influenced
How does someone with histrionic personality disorder interact with others
They want to be admired well liked successful, popular, extroverted, attractive, and sociable people however, beneath the surface characteristics is driven by all consuming need for approval and desperate driving to attract attention
What happens with someone who has histrionic personality disorder when there is a failure to evoke attention and approval they seek
Feelings of dejection and anxiety
How do people with histrionic personality disorder have relationships
Interpersonal relationships are fleeting and superficial
Tend to be provocative or sexually inappropriate fail to develop richness of inter feelings, laxly ability to provide another genuine, sustained affect affection
Misinterpret relationships as more intimate than they truly are
How was a childhood for someone who has histrionic personality disorder?
The child may have learned that positive reinforcement was contingent on the ability to perform parentally, approved, and admired behaviors
Child rarely received either positive positive or negative feedback parental acceptance and approval came inconsistently and only one behaviors met parental expectations
What is the pneumonic for histrionic personality disorder
I CRAVE SIN
inappropriate behavior -seductive
Center of attention
Relationships are seen as closer than they really are
Appearance is most important
Vulnerable to others suggestions
Emotional expressions exaggerated
Shifting emotions Shallow
Impressionistic manner of speaking
Novelty is craved
What is the definition of narcissistic personality disorder?
Exaggerated sense of self-worth lacks empathy in our hypersensitive to the evaluation of others
Believe they have the right to receive special consideration, and then their desire is sufficient justification for possessing whatever they seek
What are some characteristics of narcissistic personality disorder?
Appear to lack humility
Overly self centered
Exploit others to fulfill their own desires
Do not perceive their behaviors as inappropriate
Them self is superior, entitled to special rights and privileges
How are the general moods of a narcissistic personality disorder?
Usually optimistic, relax, cheerful and carefree, although can easily change because of their fragile self-esteem. If they do not meet self expectations, do not receive their positive feedback, they expect from others or draw criticism from others. They may respond with rage, shame, humiliation, or dejection.
How is the relationship of a person with narcissistic personality disorder
Exploitation of others, for self gratification result, and impaired interpersonal relationships
Choose a person who will provide them with praise, and positive feedback that they require, and who will not ask much from their partner and return
How was the childhood of a person with narcissistic personality disorder?
Evolves from a parent child dynamic of either excessive pampering or excessive criticism
Children, children may grow to project an image of vulnerability and self sufficiency that conceals the true sense of emptiness and contributes to their inability to feel deep in emotion
May develop from an environment where parents attempt to live their lives, vicariously through their child. They expect the child to achieve things they did not achieve possess, which they did not possess and have life that is better than easier than theirs
The child is not subjected to requirements and restrictions that may have dominated their parents lives, and thereby grows up to believe that he or she is above the rules and regulations that apply to everyone else
What is the definition of an avoidant personality disorder?
Extremely sensitive to rejection, and thus may lead a very social withdrawal in life. It is not that he, or she is a social. In fact, there may be a strong desire for companionship, the extreme shyness and fear of rejection, however, creates a need for unusual, strong assurances of unconditional acceptance.
What are some characteristics of an avoidant personality disorder?
Desire to have close relationships, but avoid connecting with others, because of their fear of being rejected
Awkward, uncomfortable, in social situations
Speech, slow and constrained with frequent hesitations fragmentary through sequences and occasional confusion lonely, expressed feelings of being unwanted
View others as critical, betraying and humiliating
Depression, anxiety, anger at oneself for failing to develop social relationships

How do others perceive avoidant personality disorder?
Timid withdrawn, or perhaps cold and strange, those who have close relationships with them however, soon to learn their sensitivities, touchiness, evasiveness and mistrustful qualities
How do infants with avoidant personality disorder, inter
Traits of hyper irritability, crankiness, tension, and withdrawal behaviors
How was the childhood of avoidant personality disorder?
Childhood, trauma, or neglect, leading to fears of abandonment, or views of the world as a hostile and dangerous place
What is the definition of a dependent personality disorder
Lack of self-confidence and extreme reliance on others, to take responsibility for them, sometimes to the point of intense discomfort with being alone for even brief periods
Allow others to make decisions for them, feel helpless, when alone, submissively subordinate needs to other, tolerate my treatment by others, demean oneself to gain acceptance and fail, functional adequacy, and situations that require assertive or dominant behavior
What are some characteristics of dependent personality disorder?
Lack of self-confidence, that often apparent in their posture, voice in mannerisms
Passive
Overly generous and thoughtful, underplay their own attractiveness and achievements
Alone, pessimistic, discourage, and dejected
Easily hurt by criticism and disapproval
How is a dependent personality disorder in a relationship?
Others are not made aware of their suffering in silence
Passive and submissive roles
Willing to let others make important decisions
Feel fearful and vulnerable, because they lack confidence in their ability to care for themselves
How was the childhood of someone with dependent personality disorder?
Dependency is fostered in infancy, when stimulation and nurture are experienced exclusively from one source
Infant becomes attached to one source, and if it continues to child as it grows dependency is nurtured
Parents are overprotective and discourage independent behaviors make new experiences unnecessarily easily
What is the definition of obsessive compulsive personality disorder?
Tend to have a serious or formal demeanor, and have difficulty expressing emotions. They are overly disciplined, perfectionist and preoccupied with rules.
Inflexible about the things must be done in a certain way
Intense fear of making mistakes leads to difficulty with decision-making
What are some characteristics of obsessive compulsive personality disorder
Inflexible and lack spontaneity, meticulous, and work diligently, and patiently a task that require accuracy and discipline, especially concerned with matters of organization efficiency
Rigid and unbending about rules and procedures
What are the social behaviors of an obsessive compulsive personality disorder?
Polite, informal, very conscious, the characteristic that is reflected in their contrasting behaviors with superiors as opposed to in Faye
Obey, authoritative figures, but with some coordinates become autocratic, pompous and self righteous
How do others perceive in obsessive compulsive personality disorder?
Surface appear to become controlled underneath the exterior is a great deal of ambivalence conflict, hostility NSand, exposed their true feelings of defiance and anger. They withhold these feelings so strongly that opposite feelings come forth.
What is the defense mechanism of an obsessive compulsive personality disorder?
Reaction formation
Isolation
Intellectualization
Rationalization and undoing are also
What is a predisposing factor of obsessive compulsive personality disorder
The first child
Overly controlled environment parents expect their children to live up to impose standards of conduct and condemn them. If they do not praise for positive behaviors is bestowed on the child less frequently than punishment for undesirable behaviors.
Experts, in learning, what they must not do to avoid punishment and condemnation, rather than what they can do to achieve attention and pray
Rigid restriction and rules, positive achievements are expected and taken for granted
What are some characteristics of a patient with borderline personality disorder
In a state of crisis and have frequent mood swings
Affect extreme intensity, and behavior reflects frequent changeability within days hours or even minutes
Thriving on chaos inappropriate outburst of anger
DSM five diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder
Pattern of instability of interpersonal relationship, self image, and effect marked by impulsivity beginning by early adult to
Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
Unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, characterized by alternating between extremes of idolization and dev evaluation
Identity disturbance
Impulsivity that is self damaging
Recurrent suicide behaviors
Feeling of emptiness
Inappropriate anger
What does chronic depression have to do with borderline personality disorder?
Many clients are diagnosed with depressive disorder
Depression may be rooted in feelings of abandonment by mother and early childhood
Underlying the depression is a sense of rage
What does bipolar disorder have to do with borderline personality disorder
To comorbidity of BPD and this symptoms overlap in features
Both are effective instability in mood shifts from depression, to irritable or anxiety
Our patients who are borderline personality disorder, able to be alone
No, they have a chronic fear of abandonment, and have little tolerance for being alone
They have frantic search for companionship, no matter how unsatisfactory to sitting with feelings of loneliness, emptiness, and boredom
What is clinging and distancing and borderline personality disorder
Pattern of interaction with others, characterized by clinging and distancing behaviors
How is clinging described for borderline personality disorder?
Clinging to another individual, they may exhibit helpless, dependent, or even childlike behaviors. They want to spend all their time with this person in express a frequent need to talk with them, or even seek constant reassurance from them
Self mutilation can occur when they cannot be with the chosen individual
How is distancing described in someone with borderline personality disorder?
Characterized by hostility, anger, arising from a feeling of discomfort with closeness distancing behaviors also occur in response to separations confrontations or attempts to limit certain behaviors
Discredit, or undermine the strengths and personal significance
What is splitting in borderline personality disorder?
A primitive ego defense mechanism
Arises from the lack of achievement of object, consistency manifested by an inability to integrate and accept both positive and negative feelings
In splitting, how do someone with borderline personality disorder of view people, including themselves
Life’s situations are either all good or all bad
Nurse patient relationship may be perceived as intense and overvalued. No one else in this world can help me the way you do this perception persist until individual feels threatened, which could be by a simple look the wrong way. Suddenly, the nurses valued valuing the shifted to another nurse and the image of former nurse changes from beneficiate caregiver to hateful and cruel prosecutor .
How is a patient with BPD manipulative
They struggle with emotional regulation, and in their efforts to prevent the separation they so desperately fear clients become manipulative
What is self-destructive behaviors in a person with borderline personality disorder
Self mutilating, behaviors or classic manifestations of BPD about 75% of individuals have a history of at least one deliberate, active self harm
They are manipulative. Gestures designed to illicit a rescue response.
The mutilation continues until penis felt in an attempt to counteract the feeling of unreality to feel pain is better than feel nothing. It validates their existence.
What does impulsivity in a client with borderline personality disorder
Poor impulse control, impulsive behaviors include substance abuse, gambling, promiscuity, reckless, driving, binging, and purging
Behaviors occur in response to real or perceived feelings of abandonment
How was the childhood of a person with BPD?
A history of childhood trauma is associated with this disorder
Our individuals with antisocial personality disorders seen in most clinical settings
No, it is commonly a way to avoid legal consequences, sometimes admitted by court order
What are some characteristics of a patient with antisocial personality disorder?
Pattern of socially irresponsible, exploitative, and get less behavior that reflects a general disregard for the rights of others
Exploit and manipulate others for personal gain, and unconcerned with obeying the law
Difficulty, sustaining employment and developing stable relationships
Callous, intimidate others
Argumentative, cruel and malicious lack warmth, compassion, 
Restless, easily, bored, seek thrill

What happens when things go the way of an antisocial personality disorder
They act cheerful, even gracious and charming, but because of their low tolerance for frustration this pleasant exterior can change very quickly
How does someone with an antisocial personality disorder interact with others
They believe good guy finishes last
They exploit other syphilid their own desires, showing no trace of shame or guilt
See them self as victims and do not accept responsibility for consequences of their behaviors
Satisfying, interpersonal relationships are not possible they only trust themselves
What is one of the most distinctive characteristics of an individual with antisocial personal?
Their tendency to ignore, conventional authority and rules
What is the biggest comorbidity of antisocial disorder?
The likelihood of developing antisocial personality disorder is increased if the individual has attention deficit, hyperactive disorder, and conduct disorder
What was the childhood of a patient with antisocial disorder like
A chaotic home environment parental deprivation during the first five years of life appears to be a critical predisposing fact
Separation due to parental delinquency, appears to have more highly correlated
Physical abuse, and neglect, teasing in a lack of parental bonding in childhood
Severe physical abuse, particularly correlated to violent offending, triggering and development of pattern of the reactive aggressive
When can a diagnosis of antisocial disorder be diagnosed?
Only made when the client is at least 18 years old, but these behavioral patterns are often seen in childhood and adolescence
What is the common diagnosis for antisocial disorder before the patient is 18?
Conduct disorder, common symptoms are bullying fighting, physical cruelty to animals, destruction of property, theft, and others
Why is Mool or group therapy treatment especially appropriate for individuals with antisocial personality disorder
They respond more adaptively to support and feedback from Pierce and develops social skills, helpful and overcoming social anxiety and developing interpersonal trust and report
What is dialectical behavioral therapy?
Specifically treatment for the chronic self interest in paras, suicidal behavior of a client with BPD
Complex electrical treatment that combines the concepts of cognitive, behavioral and interpersonal therapies with eastern mindfulness practices
What are the four primary modes of treatment in DBT
Group skills training
Individual psychotherapy
Telephone contact
Therapist consultation/team meeting
What is group skills training in DBT?
Taught skills relevant to problems experienced by people with BPD such as interpersonal effectiveness skills emotional modulation skills, and distress tolerance skills
What is individual psychotherapy in DBT?
Weekly sessions addressed dysfunctional behavior patterns, personal motivation, and skill strengthening
What is telephone contact in DBT?
Therapist is available to client by telephone according to limits set by therapist
Give support and help by applying the skill they are learning to real life situation
What is therapist consultant/team meeting in DVT?
Therapist meet regularly to review their work with their clients meetings, are focused, specifically and providing support for each other keeping therapist motivated and providing effective treatment
What is mentalis ation therapy for BPD
Therapy focuses on assisting clients and improving their ability to reflect on an understand internal states, their own thoughts and others, and how these states affect behaviors
What is transparence therapy in BPD?
Six to use the transference that occurs in a client therapist relationship to help the client improve self perception and relationship skills
