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BOC Microbiology > Streptococcaceae and Similar Organisms > Flashcards

Streptococcaceae and Similar Organisms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Group A (S. pyogenes) transmission

A

respiratory secretions

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2
Q

Group A Strep disease assocation

A
  • pharyngitis
  • scarlet fever
  • otitis media
  • necrotizing fasciitis
  • impetigo
  • cellulitis
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3
Q

Group A strep sequelae

A
  • rheumatic fever
  • post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
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4
Q

Group A strep biochemical traits
bacitracin
PYR

A
  • bacitracin susceptible
  • PYR pos
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5
Q
  • Group A strep colony morphology
A
  • pinpoint
  • translucent
  • large zone of beta hemolysis
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6
Q

List Group A strep virulence factors

A
  • M protein
  • streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin aka erythrogenic toxin
  • streptokinase
  • hyaluronic acid capsule
  • Streptolysin O and S
  • hyaluronidase
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7
Q

M protein

A

inhibits phagocytosis
Ab to M protein are protective

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8
Q

erythrogenic toxin

A
  • causes rash seen in scarlet fever
  • superantigen that interacts with macrophages and T helper cells -> TSS
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9
Q

streptokinase

A

dissolves clots (fibrinolysis)

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10
Q

hyaluronic acid capsule

A

inhibits phagocytosis

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11
Q

streptolysins O and S

A

lyse erythrocytes, platelets, and neutrophils

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12
Q

hyaluronidase

A
  • hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid to aid infection spread
  • strains that make hyaluronic capsule do not make hyaluronidase
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13
Q

S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis Lancefield Group

A

Lancefield Group C or G antigens

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14
Q

S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis disease association

A
  • similar to S. pyogenes
  • pharyngitis, necrotizing fasciitis, STSS, endocarditis, glomerulonephritis. acute rheumatic fever
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15
Q

Group B strep (S. agalactiae) normal environment

A

normal flora of GIT

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16
Q

Group B strep clinical significance

A
  • important cause of infections in OB/GYN patients
  • 25% of females carry it as normal vaginal flora
17
Q

Group B strep disease association

A
  • neonate sepsis/meningitis
  • postpartum fever
  • osteomyelitis
  • wound infections
  • endocarditis
  • pneumonia
  • pyelonephritis
18
Q

Group B strep colony morphology

A
  • medium size flat/creamy
  • small zone beta hemolysis
19
Q

Group D streptococcus normal environment

A

normal fecal and oral flora

20
Q

Group D strep disease association

A
  • wound infections
  • UTIs
  • abdominal abscesses
  • colon cancer if in blood cultures
21
Q

Group D strep colony morphology

A
  • gray to wite
  • translucent
  • round/convex
  • alpha or non hemolytic
22
Q

Viridans strep normal environment

A
  • oral cavity
  • resp tract
  • GIT mucosa
23
Q

Viridans strep disease assocation

A
  • major cause of endocarditis in pt with damaged heart valves
  • wound infections
  • brain abscesses
  • may enter blood after dental procedures
24
Q

List Viridans strep

A
  • S. mutans
  • S. salivarius
  • S. sanguis
  • S. bovis
  • S. mitis
25
Q

Strep pneumo normal environment

A

upper resp tract

26
Q

S. pneumo disease association

A
  • lobar pneumonia
  • otitis media
  • meningitis
  • community acquired pneumonia
27
Q

S. pneumo gram stain/morphology

A

GPC diplococci
lancet or bullet shaped

28
Q

S. pneumo colony morphology

A
  • mucoid
  • umbilicated depressed centers
  • kinda tan (my two cents)
29
Q

Enterococcus most commonly encountered spp

A

E. faecalis
E. faecium

30
Q

Enterococcus biochemical traits
bile esculin
6.5% NaCl
PYR
Lancefield group
hemolysis

A
  • bile esculin pos
  • pos growth in 6.5% NaCl
  • PYR pos
  • Lancefield group D
  • alpha beta or most commonly nonhemolytic
31
Q

Gemella disease association

A
  • endocarditis
  • meningitis
  • brain abscesses
  • lung abscesses
  • osteomyelitis
32
Q

Gemella biochemical traits
PYR
leucine aminopeptidase LAP
bile esculin
catalase

A
  • PYR pos
  • LAP pos
  • bile esculin neg
  • catalase neg
33
Q

Leuconostoc disease association

A
  • osteomyelitis
  • ventriculitis
  • postsurgical endophthalmitis
  • neonate bacteremia
34
Q

Leuconostoc spp biochemical traits
vancoymycin
PYR
LAP
catalase

A
  • vancomycin resistant
  • PYR neg
  • LAP neg
  • catalase neg
35
Q

Abiotrophia and Granulicatella formerly referred to as _____ because they require _____

A
  • nutritionally variant streptococci
  • vitamin B6 for growth
36
Q

List Abiotrophia and Granulicatella spp

A
  • A. defectiva
  • G. adiacens
  • G. elegans
37
Q

Abiotrophia and Granulicatella normal environment

A

oral cavity

38
Q

Abiotrophia and Granulicatella disease association

A
  • endocarditis
  • ophthalmic infections
  • CNS infections

BOC Microbiology (7 decks)

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