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BOC Microbiology > Miscellaneous GNB > Flashcards

Miscellaneous GNB Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Francisella disease assocation and gov’t status

A
  • tularemia
  • potential bioterrorism agent
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2
Q

Francisella transmitted by ____

A

wild animals such as deer, rabbits, beavers, and squirrels

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3
Q

How do humans get tularemia?

A
  • skinning animals
  • undercooked game
  • animal/tick bites
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4
Q

Francisella biosafety level

A

BSL3

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5
Q

F. tularensis signs/symptoms

A
  • skin ulcers
  • infection of lymph nodes/eyes/lungs/GIT
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6
Q

Francisella gram stain morphology

A

faintly staining coccobacilli

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7
Q

Francisella medium of choice

A

glucose-cystine blood agar

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8
Q

Francisella colony morphology

A

small and grayish

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9
Q

Francisella testing

A
  • agglutination
  • direct fluorescent antibody tests
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10
Q

Brucella disease association

A

Brucellosis aka undulant fever

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11
Q

How is Brucella acquired?

A

drinking contaminated milk or slaughter house exposure

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12
Q

List the 4 Brucella spp that infect humans

A
  1. B. melitenis
  2. B. abortus
  3. B. suis
  4. B. canis
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13
Q

Brucella gov’t status and biosafety level

A

potential bioterrorism agent
BSL3

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14
Q

Brucella media and incubation requirements

A
  • fastidious
  • Brucella buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE)
  • Modified Thayer Martin (MTM)
  • 10% CO2 humid air
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15
Q

Brucella biochemical traits
oxygen requirement
oxidase
catalase

A
  • strict aerobe
  • oxidase pos
  • catalase pos
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16
Q

Bordetella pertussis disease association

A

Pertussis aka whooping cough

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17
Q

Bordetella inhabits which body part(s)?

A

Mucous membranes of the respiratory tract

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18
Q

3 pertussis stages

A
  1. Catarrhal = general flulike symptoms
  2. Paroxysmal = repetitive coughing episodes
  3. Convalescent = recovery phase
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19
Q

B. pertussis media requirements

A
  • Bordet-Gengou (potato infusion)
  • Regan-Lowe (charcoal horse blood agar)
  • add cephalexin to select
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20
Q

Other 2 Bordetella spp

A
  1. B. parapertussis = mild resp. infection in humans
  2. B. bronchiseptic = kennel cough in dogs and infrequently infects humanas
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21
Q

B. pertussis colony morphology

A
  • small/smooth
  • mercury droplets
  • beta hemolytic
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22
Q

B. pertussis gram morphology

A
  • poorly stained coccobacilli
  • single or in pairs
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23
Q

B. pertussis biochemical characteristics
MAC growth
urease

A
  • does not grow on MAC
  • urease neg
    other Bordetella spp grow on MAC and are urease pos
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24
Q

Actinobacillus spp normal environment

A

oral flora of animals

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25
Q

Which Actinobacillus spp is normal flora of humans?

A

A. actinomycetmcomitans

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26
Q

Actinobacillus infections caused by what?

A

Animal bites

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27
Q

A. actinomycetomcomitans disease association

A
  • endocarditis
  • gum disease
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28
Q

A. actinomycetomcomitans media requirements

A
  • grows on SBA and CHOC
  • does not grow on MAC
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29
Q

A. actinomycetocomitans colony morphology

A

star-like centers

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30
Q

A. actinomycetocomitans biochemical traits
catalase
glucose

A
  • catalase pos
  • glucose pos
31
Q

How is Pasteurella spp transmitted to humans?

A
  • cat/dog bites
  • inhalation of dried animal feces
32
Q

Pasteurella disease association

A
  • cellulitis
  • osteomyelitis
  • meningitis
  • joint infections
  • pneumonia
33
Q

Which Pasteurella spp most commonly infects humans?

A

P. multocida

34
Q

P. multocida biochemical traits
MAC growth
oxidase
catalase
indole
nitrate
motility

A
  • doesn’t grow on MAC
  • oxidase pos
  • catalase pos
  • indole pos
  • nitrate pos
  • nonmotile
35
Q

P. multocida gram stain/morphology

A

pleomorphic GNCB
may show bipolar staining

36
Q

Eikenella corrodans normal environment

A

normal flora of mouth and upper resp tract

37
Q

Eikenella corrodans disease association

A
  • oral cavity abscesses
  • human bite wound infections
38
Q

Eikenella corrodans media growth unique feature

A

corrode or pit the agar surface

39
Q

Eikenella biochemical traits and odor

A
  • requires X factor for growth unless 5-10% CO2 present
  • bleach-like odor
40
Q

Legionella normal environment

A

aquatic systems
- humidifiers
- whirlpools
- air conditioning chillers

41
Q

Legionella resistant to _____

A

common concentrations of chlorine

42
Q

Most common Legionella spp and serogroup

A

Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1

43
Q

Legionella pneumophila disease association

A
  • Legionellosis mild-severe pneumonia
  • Legionairres disease = severe form of legionellosis
  • Pontiac fever = mild form of legionellosis
44
Q

Most common lab assay of legionellosis

A

urine antigen test
direct fluorescent Ab test and nucleic acid probes used too

45
Q

specimens for legionella testing

A
  • lower resp tract
  • lung biopsy
  • BAL
  • sputum
46
Q

Legionella gram stain/morphology

A
  • thin, poorly staining GNB
  • better to use 0.1% basic fuschin instead of safranin counterstain
47
Q

Legionella spp media growth requirement

A
  • L-cysteine
  • BCYE agar
  • will not grow on SBA
  • some may grow on Brucella or CHOC agars
48
Q

Legionella biochemical traits
glucose metabolism
other tests

A
  • asaccharolytic
  • most biochem tests are neg
49
Q

Legionella special trait

A

Autofluoresces under UV, including L. pneumophila

50
Q

Chromobacterium violaceum normal environment

A

water and soil

51
Q

Chromobacterium violaceum colony morphology

A

purple or violet pigment on nutrient agar

52
Q

Chromobacterium violaceum disease assocation

A

wound infections acquired from contaminated water or soil

53
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis gram stain/morphology

A

small gram-variable coccobacilli

54
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis normal environment

A

considered normal vaginal flora in low numbers

55
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis disease association

A
  • bacterial vaginosis
  • UTIs
  • pelvic inflammatory disease
  • postpartum sepsis
56
Q

Evidence of Gardnerella vaginalis

A

Clue cells aka
epithelial cells with numerous bacteria attached

57
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis catalase result

A

catalase neg

58
Q

How is Gardnerella vaginalis diagnosed?

A

Amsel and Nugent scoring system

59
Q

Bartonella oxidase result

A

oxidase neg

60
Q

Bartonella gram stain/morphology

A

GN curved bacilli

61
Q

Agent of trench fever

A

Bartonella quintana

62
Q

Causes growth of neoplastic blood vessels (bacillary angiomatosis) and endocarditis

A

Bartonella quintana

63
Q

B. quintana transmitted by ___

A

human lice

64
Q

Causes cat-scratch disease aka bacillary peliosis hepatitis anad bacillary angiomatosis

A

Bartonella henselae

65
Q

Cardiobacterium hominis normal environment

A

normal flora upper resp tract and possibly GIT and genital tracts

66
Q

Cardiobacterium hominis disease association

A

endocarditis

67
Q

Cardiobacterium hominis gram stain/morphology

A
  • short chains/pairs/rosettes
  • irregular staining bacilli with bulbous ends
68
Q

Cardiobacterium hominis media requirements

A
  • CO2 for initial isolation
  • can be recovered on SBA
  • yeast extract enhances growth
69
Q

Cardiobacterium hominis biochemical traits
oxidase
catalase
indole

A
  • oxidase pos
  • catalase neg
  • weakly indole pos
70
Q

Streptobacillus moniliformis normal environment

A

oral flora in rats and other rodents

71
Q

Streptobacillus moniliformis disease association

A
  • rat-bite fever
  • Haverhill fever from contaminated food/water
72
Q

Streptobacillus moniliformis found in which body part(s)?

A
  • blood
  • synovial fluid
  • abscess
73
Q

Streptobacillus moniliformis gram stain/morphology

A

GNB pleomorphic

74
Q

Streptobacillus moniliformis motility

A

nonmotile

BOC Microbiology (7 decks)

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