Strength in rehab Flashcards
AAROM
desirable for patient to perform limited voluntary activity
AROM
produce full ROM without assistance
maintain/increase ROM, improve movement patterns, help reduce atrophy
RROM
motion with resistance applied
Anti-gravity movement
body part is lifted against the force of gravity
type of resistance exercise
gravity assisted movement
movement where body part is helped by gravity
less work required by muscle
muscle is moving perpendicular to the floor in downward motion
gravity eliminated movement
muscle is parallel to the floor, perpendicular to gravity
isometric contraction
muscle is not moving through a ROM
concentric contraction
going through a shortening motion, produces force
eccentric contraction
lengthening motion, controls force, slows you down
what happens if strength, power or endurance are impaired
person will have active limitation or increased risk of injury
what needs to be done in a rehab setting
thorough evaluation of the patient
qualitative and quantitative baselines of strength, ROM, overall level of functioning
where in the program will strengthening be implemented with other therapeutic interventions
why do we use isometric exercises
- minimize muscle atrophy when joint mvt is not possible
- activate muscle to begin re-establish neuromuscular control
- develop postural and joint stability
- improve muscular strength when dynamic RT could compromise joint integrity or cause pain
- develop static muscular strength at particular ROM
what is the muscle setting with isometric exercises
low intensity isometric contractions performed against little to no resistance
used to decrease muscle pain ant spasm
promote relaxation and circulation after injury
used in acute stages of healing
what is a form of isometric exercise
stabilization exercise
what are stabilization exercises used for
improve postural stability or dynamic stability of a joint
what are rhythmic stabilizations and alternating isometrics
applied resistance in multiple directions to facilitate sequential muscle activation
what are multi-angle isometrics
manual or mechanical resistance is applied at multiple joint positions within available ROM
what is the goal of multi-angle isometrics
improve strength through ROM
when do we use multi-angle isometrics
when dynamic resistance exercise is painful or inadvisable
what % of muscle voluntary contraction is sufficient to improve strength
66-100%
33-66 there are some gains but improvement is slow
10 sec hold (isometric)
2 sec rise, 6 sec hold, 2 sec release
what happens with repetitive isometric contractions
decrease m. cramping
increase effectiveness of isometric goals
what happens to resistance in isometric contractions
resistance must be progressively increased to overload the muscle
what is included is dynamic activity
isotonic
isokinetic
isotonic activity
change in muscle length
constant resistance throughout the exercises
speed of the movement will change
isokinetic activity
changes in muscle length
velocity is controlled and maintained at a specific speed of movement
amount of resistance provided to the muscle varies as the muscle goes through a range
what are the characteristics of isokinetic exercise
can train reciprocal muscles
compressive forces on the joint are less with faster velocities than at slow velocities
patient can still perform exercise even if fatigued
patient is able to eliminate painful arc
what is a disadvantage to isokinetic exercises
isolates movement and m. , not sport sepcific
what do the type of resistance exercise depend on
extent of impairments
stages of tissue healing
condition of joints and their tolerance to compression and movement
general physical and cognitive abilities of the patient
patient’s goals
do we need open kinetic chain and closed to correct movement patterns
yes
when to use OKC
when weight bearing is contraindicated
soft tissue pain and swelling or restricted ROM
develop isolated control and strength of weak m.
sport/activity requires it
when to use CKC
promote dynamic stabilization and co-activation
provides greater proprioceptive and kinesthetic feedback
provides more joint stability
sport/activity requires it
when are rapid gains is strength seen
in the first 3-5 weeks with a debilitated/deconditioned muscle
how are goals for rehab set
depends on the patients long term goals and demands
what % of strength is required to RTP in clinic
90%
what is the common guideline for early rehab
increase weight by 5-10% when all prescribed reps and sets can be completed easily without significant fatigue
what are good reps and sets in early rehab
6-15 reps for 2 sets then 3 sets of 20-25 at constant weight until gets easy, then increase weight and decrease reps
what can the sets and reps depend on
the demands of the sport and ADL
what are the guidelines for the progression of strength training
- change 1 parameter at a time (frequency, intensity, speed)
- begin with isometrics if required
- begin with concentric/eccentric resistance training asap, slow and controlled then increase speed
- begin plyometric exercises once patient has met appropriate requirements
