Neuromuscular control Proprioception Flashcards
feedback control
stimulation of a corrected response within a system after sensory detection
feedforward control
anticipatory actions occurring before the sensory detection of a homeostasis disruption
what systems provide the information required for both responses in motor activities
somatosensory, visual and vestibular
what are we interested in with joint perturbation
onset latency of muscle activation
the goal is to decrease it
what is stability
state of a joint remaining or promptly returning to alignment through equalization of forces
ruffini endings
static and dynamic receptors
low threshold, slow adapting
pacinian corpuscle
dynamic receptors
low threshold, quick adapting
GTO
very low threshold, high dynamic sensitivity
provide CNS with feedback concerning the muscle tension
muscle spindles
mainly sensitive to changes in muscle length, or rate of change in muscle length
what do mechanoreceptors do
creates a neurological signal to the CNS from mechanical deformation
what is neuromuscular control?
coordinated muscle activity
dynamic joint stability
postural control
optimal movement patterns
what is often affected by injury
neuromuscular control
what does the axis correspond with
spinal cord
brainstem
cerebral cortex
what are some associated areas of the central axis
cerebellum
basal ganglia
what are the levels of motor control responsible for
modulating and regulating motor commands
what major circuit controls postural equilibrium
brainstem
what other function does the brainstem have
automatic and stereotype movements of the body
directly regulates and modulate motor activity from visual, vestibular and somatosensory information
for what is the brainstem a relay station
from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex
what movements does the cerebral cortex initiate
complexe and discrete voluntary movements
what is the cerebral cortex responsible for
organization and preparation of motor commands
choosing the muscle to be activated, force produces and direction of movement
programming complex sequences of movement
t/f the cerebellum and basal ganglia can independently initiate motor activity
false
what are the associated areas essential for
execution of coordinated motor control
what is the role of the cerebellum at the subconscious level
planning and modification of motor activities through comparison of intended movement and outcome movement
what is the role of basal ganglia
higher order, cognitive aspects of motor control
what can impair proprioception
joint injury
muscle damage
joint swelling
