Street Smarts Flashcards

1
Q

The possibility that Christianity can be debunked is ___, it’s ___.
If a view is ___, then it is ___.

A

not a bad thing
a good thing
falsifiable
verifiable

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2
Q

With training under your belt, ___ works in you and through you, helping you effectively employ ___.

A

the Holy Spirit
the things you have learned

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3
Q

People come to Christ only because __
Even Jesus’ preaching was ineffectual without __

A

the Father enables them
the special work of God

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4
Q

Your task is to present the truth as __, __, __, and __ as you can

A

clearly, graciously, persuasively, faithfully

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5
Q

You present the truth. The rest is __
You do the talking, God does the __

A

up to God
persuading

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6
Q

If your goal is to win people, you will frequently be __
If your goal is to be faithful in the moment before your audience of one, then you can be __

A

disappointed
successful in every encounter

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7
Q

Our task is to make the unchanging message more __ to contemporary ears

A

intelligible

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8
Q

Before there can be any harvest, there has to be __

A

a season of gardening

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9
Q

Get to the gospel only when you think you can position it in a __, when it fits the __

A

meaningful way
natural flow of the discussion I’m having

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10
Q

The key to navigating effectively with others in rough spiritual waters is __

A

to use questions

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11
Q

The heart of the game plan itself is that the Christian takes __ in a disarming manner with __ chosen to move the dialogue forward in a safe, relaxed, but productive way

A

the initiative
specific questions

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12
Q

Assertions make you ___; questions keep you ___

A

vulnerable
Safe

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13
Q

Questions often reveal __ in your path you can carefully maneuver around once you know where they are

A

obstacles

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14
Q

If you stick with questions, you’ll have nothing to __, not vulnerable to __

A

defend
counterattack

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15
Q

First, ask questions and __. Second, after __, don’t swing for the fences. Instead, just try to make __ stick

A

listen, listening
one good point

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16
Q

The key to street smarts is using carefully selected questions to expose __ in a critic’s objections

A

a flaw

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17
Q

The burden of proof is the ___ someone in the conversation has to give __ for his view

A

responsibility
reasons

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18
Q

The one who makes the __, bears the __

A

claim
burden

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19
Q

After you get clarification on what he means by his assertion, you are going to ask some form of the query: __

A

How did you come to that conclusion?

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20
Q

How could you respond: Abortion shouldn’t be illegal. It’s health care.

A

What is health care?
Care provided to make someone healthier
Is pregnancy an illness? When a woman is pregnant, she’s not sick is she?
No.
Then how can abortion be health care for the mother if she isn’t sick?
But pregnancy, even healthy, is a health care concern!
I agree. But in the case of abortion, are you helping the woman have a healthy pregnancy?
I guess not.
No. Aren’t you helping her end the pregnancy? So the woman’s health isn’t an issue is it? What about the fetus? What does abortion to to the fetus?
It kills it.
Right, so how then is abortion health care for the fetus or the mother?

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21
Q

By using questions, you enlist your challenger as a ___ to unpack the problems with his view

A

willing partner

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22
Q

Paul acknowledges the reality of opposition in the ___, but instructs us that the more fundamental conflict is a deeper one in the ___

A

visible world, invisible realm

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23
Q

The very first step in arming ourselves for battle against the devil and the battle for the souls of men is to

A

gird our loins with the truth

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24
Q

Satan’s basic strategy is ___, so our most potent countermeasure is __

A

spreading lies, spreading truth

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25
Q

The key to seeing the unseen deceit is to __

A

look for something spiritually dramatic going on in the visible realm that is so obvious everyone else should see it, BUT THEY DON’T.

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26
Q

Human lives will be ruled by one of two fundamental forces:

A

truth or power

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27
Q

Without truth, ___ will always be the master, and freedom to choose to live by truth will be the casualty.

A

brute force

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28
Q

The revolt in the garden was a rejection of __ in exchange for _

A

the external source of truth; an internal authority

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29
Q

If the condition that makes a statement true is something about the object itself, outside of us, then the truth is an __

A

objective truth

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30
Q

When moral qualities, though not physical, are still just as real as a pen, philosophers call this __

A

moral realism

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31
Q

Objective moral truth, like all genuine truth, is mind __

A

independent

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32
Q

Expressive individualism is the idea that __

A

each of us finds our meaning by giving expression to our own feelings and desires

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33
Q

The simplest way to explain the reasons for believing in God is this:

A

God is the best explanation for the way things are

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34
Q

Atheism explains nothing by denying that _____

A

explanations exist

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35
Q

The most vulnerable part of any worldview is _____

A

its foundation

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36
Q

What should your first response be when somebody tells you he’s an atheist?

A

That’s interesting. What kind of atheist are you?

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37
Q

After finding out what kind of an atheist they are, what should your next question be?

A

Why are you an atheist?

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38
Q

Atheists may lack a belief __ God, but they do not lack a belief __ God.

A

in, about

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39
Q

What are the only three possible responses to the claim that God exists?

A

Affirmation, denial, neutral

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40
Q

How could you respond to someone who clearly believes God does not exist yet defines his atheism as mere lack of belief?

-I don’t know for certain.

–I’m agnostic.

—Like I said, I lack a belief in God.

A

Can I ask you a question? I’m going to make a statement. What is your response? “God exists.” What do you believe about that statement?

-I’m not asking you what you know, but what you believe.

–Agnostics have no opinion, and you’ve made it pretty clear that you’re not neutral on that statement. Let’s try this, given the statement “God exists,” you have one of three choices: affirmation, denial, or neutrality. Can you think of any other options? So which are you?

—I get that, but that wasn’t an option. Are you saying you have no opinion, sitting on the fence on the God issue? I believe in God, but you’ve been pushing back on that. You think I’m wrong, right? So you think I’m wrong about God existing, so you must hold to the denial option. In your case, having no belief in God is the same thing as believing that God doesn’t exist.

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41
Q

Both the Christian and the atheist have a __ which are at odds. Both have a view to ___

A

conviction/belief, defend

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42
Q

It doesn’t matter how an atheist defines faith, or even how some misinformed and confused Christians do. It only matters ___

A

how Christianity itself defines faith

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43
Q

How could you respond to “Faith is just wishing, blind, against evidence, leap, hoping…”?

-Well, I still think it’s blind…

–It’s not faith. I don’t know. But it’s not faith if you have reasons.

A

Since we are talking about my view right now, then can we use my definition?
Biblical faith is an active trust based on reasons and evidence. No leap, not blind, etc.

-What if I gave you evidence for my beliefs? What then? What would you call it?

–Ok. Since I’m glad to offer reasons for my views, what word would you like to use instead? Convictions?

Let’s talk about my convictions then.

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44
Q

How could you respond to “Belief in God is irrational”?

A

What is irrational about belief in God?

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45
Q

How could you respond to “There’s no evidence for God”?

-Haven’t seen any.

–Well, I have considered some.

A

What specific arguments for God have you considered?

-If you haven’t seen any, how do you know none exists?

–Good. Which ones, and what’s wrong with them?

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46
Q

Saying there’s no evidence is not the same as saying the evidence is ______

A

unconvincing

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47
Q

A thoughtful theist’s method is called ___ reasoning. What is the ____ for the way things are? It’s a ___ case approach.

A

abductive, best explanation, cumulative

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48
Q

What similar statements can you use to show the silliness of the statement “We are basically the same: I just believe in one less God.”

A

All men are basically bachelors since they are not wed to every other woman on the planet.

People with jobs are basically unemployed since there are gazillions of companies who haven’t hired them.

Murderers are basically peaceful folks, since they haven’t killed most everyone.

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49
Q

Philosophers would say that being an atheist is not a ___ property. You can’t be mostly atheist but a little theist.

A

degreed

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50
Q

What two points does the question “who created God” fault with?

A

It doesn’t address the main concern of what caused the universe.
The concern only applies to things that begin to exist.

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51
Q

Why must the cause of the universe be a personal agent?

A

Because only personal agents can make decisions. A decision to start something at a specific time.

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52
Q

What type of informal fallacy is the question “who created God?”

A

complex question

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53
Q

How can you respond: There is no evidence for God.

A

If you saw a shoe print in the sand, what would you conclude? Would you think it was an accident caused by the surf?
-No, there’s a better explanation.
What about a blueprint for a building? Ink spilled?
-No.
What about the human body and the DNA blueprint?
-Evolution. It’s possible.
Even if possible, doesn’t it seem unlikely when there is a better explanation? That someone made the DNA blueprint?

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54
Q

What is one problem with the idea of the multiverse?

A

It itself would need to be finely tuned

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55
Q

How could you respond? Scientists suggest there are an infinite number of universes out there, so we must be in the one that happens to be fine-tuned.

A

What’s the evidence for the multiverse?
-Theoretical, speculative, working on it.
Even so, don’t you think you may have just multiplied the problem you have? Now you have to explain what caused an infinite number of universes, and what fine-tuned the multiverse machine. Seems to have created more problems?
-They are working on it.
Well, when I see something that looks designed, and it’s radically unlikely to happen by chance, then the best conclusion is that it is designed. Why posit an infinite number of undetectable worlds when a simpler solution fits the data?

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56
Q

In the problem of evil, what is the key strategic move?

A

Show that genuine evil is evidence for God and against atheism

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57
Q

What is the two step strategy in responding to the problem of evil?

A

Every thoughtful person knows that something is terribly morally wrong with the world.

That stuff isn’t just something we don’t like or prefer.

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58
Q

The problem of evil is only problem if morality is ___, not ___

A

objective, subjective

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59
Q

In the problem of evil, the atheist faces a complication the theist does not:

A

How can anything be ultimately evil or good in a materialistic universe?

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60
Q

What could it possibly mean for an atheist to say that the world is ____ when in the atheist’s universe there is no ___ about anything?

A

not the way it’s supposed to be, “supposed to”

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61
Q

The atheist’s own answer to the problem of evil left to him, is ___

A

that there is no problem of evil.

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62
Q

How can you show that evil is good evidence for God?

A

Ask his perspective about something clearly morally grotesque.
In talking about these things, are you talking about the actions themselves or just your feelings?
Where does the standard come from labeling these actions as morally wrong?

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63
Q

What is the moral argument for God?

A

If there is no God, there is no objective morality.
But there is objective morality.
Therefore there is a God.

64
Q

What is a standard opening question regarding the challenge of evil?
What is a follow-up question?

A

What, exactly, is the problem, as you see it?
So, you believe in evil then?

65
Q

Why is the assumption that a good God would eliminate evil if he could false?

A

It’s conceivable God might have a good reason to allow evil.

66
Q

If someone says they believe evil exists, which is why they don’t believe in God, how can you respond?

A

Let’s say you’re right. God doesn’t exist. And evil things exist. Isn’t that a bit confusing?
-Why?
How do you explain real evil if God doesn’t exist?
-?
Where are you getting your standard to judge things as evil in themselves?
-Common sense
You’re saying that’s how you know what is evil, not where morality comes from in the first place. You know what the speed limit is by looking at the sign, but where do speed limits come from?
-Government
So what governing authority sets the moral limits that get broken to cause evil?

67
Q

How could you respond: Problem of evil is a problem for Christianity, but I think evil is a matter of opinion, cultural, etc.

A

So there are no universal rules governing all people at all times in all places?
-No. All relative.
So you seem to be asking how could God allow so much evil but evil is just relative and a matter of opinion, something you don’t like??
Is racism wrong because you don’t like it, or regardless of what any society thinks?
-Wrong for me.
Then we seem to be back to, you don’t think God exists because you don’t like some things. How is that a problem for God’s existence?

68
Q

The problem of evil does not just give us objective morality grounded in God, it also gives us a ___ God.

A

good

69
Q

What is a good that an atheist can never do?

A

love God with his whole heart, mind, soul, and strength

70
Q

Careful theists do not claim that ___ in God is necessary to do good, but rather that ___ is necessary for any act to be good

A

belief
God

71
Q

How could you respond? If there were no God, would you still be good?

A

It’s like asking if I’d still be faithful to my wife if I weren’t married.

72
Q

The “why it works” issue is called ___. It accounts for things being the particular way they are.

A

the grounding question

73
Q

How could you respond: Darwinism can explain our ideas of right and wrong
-natural selection through mutations selects certain feelings that help the group

A

Can you help me understand how that works?
-So you’re saying something is good or bad because natural selection makes us feel that way? So the idea of good or bad is completely inside the person who evolved that way? We could have evolved to think in a completely different morality?
-Would you say that morality is just beliefs inside the subject or group who evolved that way? Isn’t that just another form of relativism? Do you see the problem that is for you?
–You raised the problem of evil, objective evil. I said that requires God. You said no, evolution can explain it. But then we just concluded evolution explains subjective morality only.

74
Q

Given Darwinism, how can we __ our minds at all? Things we believe are __ by chemistry.

A

trust
dictated

75
Q

Given the determinism of materialistic Darwinism, what contradictory problem could you bring up?

A

Beliefs like mine - that some things are wrong in themselves - are actually false beliefs that my evolution caused me to think are true. But if evolution causes us to have false beliefs about morality, what other false beliefs has evolution caused us to have?

76
Q

If all your choices are determined, there is no genuine __, and how can there be any morality since morality requires __ to choose the good from the bad?

A

freedom

77
Q

Evolution might be able to explain __ moral feelings, but it can never explain __ moral obligations. Biology can’t make anything bad in itself.

A

subjective
objective

78
Q

That the Jesus of the Gospels is a hodgepodge compilation of ancient deities and not, rather, a notable figure in history is _____ thoroughly discredited by experts in the field. The only place this notion survives is _______, not in the academy proper.

A

a complete fiction
on the internet

79
Q

How could you respond?
There’s no evidence Jesus ever existed! Just cobbled from other ancient myths.

A

How did you find this out?
Internet, books…
What year is it now?
2024.
2024 years from when?
the supposed time of Christ
Does it strike you as strange that the entire world operates on a calendar based on the birth of a man who never existed? Doesn’t that seem unlikely?
Have you checked out these other ancient myths to see if they are like Jesus for yourself?
Would it surprise you to know that virtually no academic in the world specializing in the history of the time of Christ, even critics, think Jesus is a myth? It’s an internet wive’s tale. There’s too many ancient references outside of the Bible that mention Jesus.

80
Q

In a discussion with a unitarian or JW, how could you begin a discussion about the Trinity?

A

I know you think the Trinity is unscriptural. Can you tell me why?
Bible says only one God.
I agree.
No, you believe in the Trinity.
Right, but one God is part of the definition of the Trinity.
But you think the Father, Son, and Spirit are each God. Three Gods.
Actually, our view is a little different. We hold that the one God has three separate centers of consciousness who all equally share the divine nature - one what and three whos.

81
Q

How could you respond?
Who did Jesus pray to if he’s God?
So he’s different from the Father??
So they are different enough to be able to talk to each other, yet the same? Isn’t that contradictory?

A

The Father.
Yes, it’s part of the definition of the Trinity.
It’s not contradictory unless we are talking about the same thing. But we aren’t. We are talking about 3 persons and 1 being. Three whos and one what.

82
Q

Our view of the Trinity is that the one __ has three separate __, but each equally shares ___.

A

God
centers of consciousness
the one divine nature

83
Q

From the Bible, demonstrate that Jesus is God to a JW.

A

Who is the creator of everything that’s ever been created?
Jehovah. Isaiah 44:24: “I, the Lord, am the maker of all things… alone.”
When John talks about the Word in John 1, who is he talking about?
Jesus - verse 14, the Word became flesh and dwelt among us.
Exactly, but John also says in verse 3 that the Word created all things that were ever created. So, you said that Jehovah is the Creator, and also that a different person, the Word, is Creator, then only the Trinity solves it from being a contradiction.

84
Q

Why is the Trinity not a contradiction?

A

As long as the one (one family; one God) is different from the three (three family members; the persons of the Trinity), then it’s not contradictory.

85
Q

How could you respond?
Muslim: Jesus never said he was God.

A

You’re right that he didn’t use those exact words. But is that the only way someone could claim to be God? Could he use other words?
What about the sacred Jewish name for the eternal God? Jesus said “Before Abraham was born, I am.” That’s God’s sacred name for himself.
Or perhaps if one of his closest followers claimed Jesus created everything? John 1:3.
Did you know he received worship? Matthew 14:33 and a half doze verses like this.
Finally, do you know why Jesus was executed?
For blasphemy, for claiming to be the Son of God, which Jews understood as a claim to deity.

86
Q

How could you respond?
The Son of God doesn’t mean he was God. We are all sons of God.

A

If I said a person was gay, what do you think I meant?
He was homosexual.
But no, he’s the most cheerful guy I know.
It’s confusing to our ears in this century, but last, that would not be confusing. It meant something completely different 100 years ago.

The point is, when we read the words of ancient people, we need to understand those words according to their meaning. How do we know what those people meant in Jesus’ time about Son of God? Because they tried to kill him for blasphemy - claiming to be God.

87
Q

JW say that John 1:1 says the Word was “a God.” How can you respond?

A

Do you know Greek? Neither do I. Let’s look at verse 3 which is the same in both translations.
Draw a square. This includes everything that exists. Half the square write all things that came into being: John 1:3 all created things. Other half write all things that never came into being: God. Where do you put Jesus? John 1:3 says he is apart from all things that was created. So must be God.

88
Q

A firm grasp of __ is our first defense against error.

A

the truth

89
Q

What is the most important question anyone can answer?

A

Who do you say that I am?

90
Q

What is the singular purpose of John’s entire gospel?

A

answering the question of who Jesus was and tying that to salvation.

91
Q

How could you respond?
You Christians are arrogant to think your way is the only way.

A

We do think that, but where do you think that idea came from?
Actually came from Jesus himself. Do you believe Jesus was arrogant and narrow-minded?

92
Q

How could you respond?
You’re arrogant to think only Christians are right!

A

I’m curious, why did you change the subject?
A moment ago we were talking about ___, and now we’re talking about me, and a flaw in my character.
Even so, even if my claim was arrogant, how would that make false that Jesus is the only way? Can it be arrogant AND true?

Secondly, would you choose your cancer care because a doctor was arrogant during his treatment? Even if the doctor was mean, maybe his diagnosis and treatment could still be right?

93
Q

Whenever the challenge is about the person, not the __, the challenger is aiming at the wrong target.

A

view

94
Q

How could you respond: you think you’re right about religion

A

So do you. Everyone thinks they are right about religion. Why is it ok for you to think you’re right on religion but not okay for me to think I’m right on religion?

95
Q

How could you respond: your view is unloving!
Threatening people with hell!

A

Why?
For the record, that’s not my threat, it’s what Jesus taught, but let’s set that aside.
If there were a truck barreling down the road at you and I yelled at you to get out of the way, would that be unloving?
I’d be warning you of danger. Isn’t that what Christians are doing?

96
Q

How could you respond?
Haven’t you heard there are many paths to the top of the mountain?

A

How do you know all those paths lead to God?
BC all religions teach basically the same thing.
What about the differences?
Christianity teach Jesus is God, Judaism and Isalm disagree. At least one of those much be mistaken on a point vital to their religion.
Even what is good is different: worshipping Jesus - good in Christianity but sacrileges to Jews and Muslims. All can’t be right.

If not all religions can be right on critical issues, how can they all lead to God?

97
Q

How could you respond?
I’m going to heaven because I’m basically good.

A

Does justice in our world ever look like that? Our society says each person must obey every law always, not just most laws usually. One crime will bring you before the court.
Why do you think God’s system of justice, perfect justice, would be different? Do you keep all of God’s laws?

98
Q

Since law requires consistent ___, the good we’re obliged to do cannot cancel out the ___.

A

goodness
bad we’ve done

99
Q

As a strategic matter, don’t build your case for Christ on ___. Instead, argue that __.

A

inerrancy
the Gospels are historically reliable

100
Q

Christianity stands or falls not on __ but on __ about Jesus.

A

inerrancy
facts of history

101
Q

How could you respond?
The Bible is full of contradictions.
Well, that proves it’s not the Word of God.

A

If that were true, why would that be significant?
But that’s not what I’m arguing here. Do you have any books that you think tell you things that are accurate about the world? Are any of them divinely inspired?
Then a book doesn’t need to be divinely inspired to give you truth does it?
That being said, I’m asking you to consider the historical record of Jesus’ claims and the things written by those he trained to follow after him to see if they speak truth or not.

102
Q

What is the single most important practical piece of wisdom for a Christian?

A

Never read A Bible verse.

103
Q

What’s the first question you could respond with when asked “Do you take the Bible literally?”

A

What exactly do you mean by literal?

104
Q

Even non-Christians read the Bible the __ way most of the time, when the issues are not ___.

A

ordinary
controversial

105
Q

What is the best way to say how we as Christians take the Bible?

A

I take the Bible in its ordinary sense, that is, I try to take the words with the precision I think the writer intended. I try to take the Bible at its plain meaning unless I have good reason to do otherwise.

106
Q

Relating to sports, how could you follow up a question about taking the Bible literally?

A

Do you read the sports page of the newspaper literally?
Annihilated, crushed, mangled, mutilated, stomped, pounded are figures of speech used to communicate events that literally took place. We understand what the writer is trying to communicate.

107
Q

How could you respond?
The God of the Bible ordered genocide.

How do you know it wasn’t literal?

A

Why do you say that? (mentions Canaanites)
Do you ever read the newspaper sports page?
Does it bother you when you read that one team completely wiped out another team?
Well, God didn’t mean that literally either. It’s a figure of speech, just like sportswriters use. It was common in the records of ANE warfare - military hyperbole.

Because it’s clear when you read the record more closely that it’s not what the Israelites were commanded to do, nor was it what they did.

108
Q

How could you respond?
The Bible doesn’t say to stop slavery, just how to treat them.

A

Regulating slavery does not mean approving. God was providing for the protection of those who were vulnerable in a less than ideal situation, safeguards that were virtually nonexistent in the rest of the world. Then intent of the laws on treatment was to combat potential abuses, not to institutionalize servitude.

109
Q

How could you respond?
The OT condones slavery.

A

When you hear slavery, what picture comes to mind?
African slavery
Is this what you think the Bible approves?
Do you know that in the OT law, kidnapping, rape and murder were capital crimes?
Is it possible that the slavery in the OT was different than African slavery? Did you know the Hebrew word translated slave is the same as servant? Most of the time, the OT is describing indentured servants, not true slaves.

110
Q

___ is not capable of ruling out anything, even in principle, about the ___

A

Science
immaterial realm

111
Q

How could you respond?
I used to believe in God, but now I believe in science.
Science has shown that the supernatural isn’t real.

A

What do you mean by that?
How has science shown that the supernatural can’t be real?
Well historically science keeps filling in the gaps of our knowledge where religion used to stand!
I agree. Science has given us lots of knowledge there. But that’s different from what you’re saying. You’re saying science has somehow shown that the supernatural world is not real. How can it do that?
Science studies the physical world right, our five senses? But if there were immaterial things like gods or spirits, would any of those things be physical? If not, then how could science have anything to say about them?

112
Q

How can an empirical way of knowing things (science) show that ___ don’t exist?

A

nonempirical things (God)

113
Q

An assumption that is alleged prior to and apart from observation or experience is called __

A

an a priori belief

114
Q

C.S. Lewis called the worldview where reality consists of nothing but the physical, material world, governed by law the ___ view.

A

nothing buttery

115
Q

__has nothing to say about what can or can’t take place or what is possible or impossible in the world. It’s purely ___. Science can only tell us what ___ in the physical realm. Only __ can assess what can or can’t happen.

A

Science
descriptive
does happen
philosophy

116
Q

How could you respond?
ID is not science. It’s religion disguised as science.
Science is empirically verified. ID brings God into the picture.
Yes, but those are human agents, not supernatural ones.

A

How so?
So you’re objecting because theists suggest that some agent, not some physical cause, is responsible for certain features of the natural world?
Is archaeology or forensic pathology science? Studies the role of agents in history.
What if the evidence is really good that a supernatural agent is the best explanation of the physical facts?

117
Q

Explain why someone bringing up “you’re just using God of the gaps” falls prey to his same accusation.

A

They are assuming that the universe runs on materialist principles, so that every even must have a naturalistic explanation. If science hasn’t discovered it yet, it will eventually. Naturalism of the gaps.

118
Q

How could you respond?
When you appeal to a supernatural cause, that’s just God of the gaps fallacy.

A

What is the problem here?
You see a gap in science and say God did it.
What about if I had concrete evidence that a supernatural designer is a good explanation for certain features of the world, like the origin of the universe, the origin of life, or the fine-tuning?
Science will eventually have answers.
Why isn’t that naturalism of the gaps?

119
Q

Belief of ID is not a leap of __, but a commonsense __ of the harmony between the world they observed and they worldview they believed in.

A

faith
observation

120
Q

Western civilization, grounded in the biblical worldview, provided the __ that birthed the scientific enterprise in the first place. God was not a science __. He was the science __.

A

presuppositions
stopper
starter

121
Q

How could you respond?
Religion has always been at war with science.
To them, faith is more important than reason.

A

What’s the conflict?
Do you know how modern science began? It began in Western Europe. Do you know why? Because they believed in a God who made an orderly world that could be discovered through careful observation.
Do you know who the founders of science were and what their beliefs were? Just about every founding father of modern science were Christians. There was no war for them
Do you know where the conflict came from? From the intrusion of a different religion - the religion of naturalism.

122
Q

The most dangerous place for a baby to be in the land of the free and home of the brave is __

A

resting in her mother’s womb

123
Q

Make the pro-life case using an analogy.

A

Your child comes up behind you and asks if he can kill this…
I need to ask what is it.
If its a spider, smash it. If its their brother, time for a talk.

124
Q

If the unborn is not a human being, then __.
However, if the unborn is a human being, then __

A

no justification for abortion is necessary.
no justification for abortion is adequate.

125
Q

Abortion involves killing and discarding something that’s __. Whether it’s right to take the life of any living thing depends upon __

A

alive
what that thing is

126
Q

How could you respond?
Abortion is a private choice between a woman and her doctor.

A

Do we allow parents to abuse their children if done in privacy or with the consent of their doctor?
What matters is what is it.

127
Q

How could you respond?
Many poor women can’t afford to raise another child.

A

When our kids get too expensive, can we kill them?
What matters is what is it.

128
Q

How could you respond?
Do you really think a woman should be forced to bring an unwanted child into the world?

A

Many homeless people are unwanted. Can we kill them?
What matters is what is it.

129
Q

How could you respond?
You shouldn’t force your morality on women.

A

Would you force your morality on a mother who was physically abusing her two-year-old?
What matters is what is it.

130
Q

In arguments for abortion, many concerns can be dispatched with a simple test question:

A

Would your point work if we were talking about a clear-case example of a human being?

131
Q

Lay out the clear-cut pro-life moral logic position:

A

Premise 1: It’s wrong to intentionally take the life of an innocent human being.
Premise 2: Abortion intentionally takes the life of an innocent human being.
Therefore: Abortion is wrong.

132
Q

What three points do you want a pro-choicer to see?

A

1) the unborn is alive and growing
2) the unborn is distinct from his mother
3) the unborn is an individual human being

133
Q

How could you respond?
The government shouldn’t tell me what I can do with my own body.

A

Can the government say what you can do with your body concerning your two-year-old?
He’s outside my body. I’m talking about my uterus.
What does that have to do with the pro-life view? Are we asking you to give up your uterus? Seems there’s a misunderstanding here. Pro-lifers are saying the gov should be able to protect a separate human being growing inside your body just as it does a separate human being ground outside your body.

134
Q

How could you respond?
It’s just a blob of tissue.

A

Aren’t we all just blobs of tissue?
We are living people, not just tissue.
Is the thing in the uterus alive? Isn’t it growing?
Part of my body.
If we did a DNA test, what would we find?
Different DNA = different body. What is growing inside your body is not part of your body, genetically speaking.
What kind of foreign thing would be growing inside your uterus if you were pregnant? What would DNA say?
Human offspring. Alive, distinct, human offspring.

135
Q

How could you respond?
It doesn’t look like a human being.

A

Sure it does. It looks exactly the way all human beings look at that stage of development. Have you always looked the same through your life? Living things never look the same at one stage as they do another.

136
Q

How could you respond?
Abortion: an acorn is not an oak.

A

What is an acorn?
A seed.
What kind of seed?
An oak seed.
So an acorn is an oak, at the seed stage, just as an oak tree is an oak, at the mature stage.

137
Q

How could you respond?
The unborn is just a zygote, or fetus.

A

What kind of zygote, or fetus is it? These are stages.
Human
Exactly. Do living things change from one kind of being into another over time or do they stay themselves?

138
Q

Why does the mere location of your child make any difference to the __ of your child?

A

value

139
Q

What question could you start with?
They are potential persons, or possible persons, or future persons.

A

What’s the difference?
What is the difference between a disposable human being and a valuable human person?

140
Q

When someone mentions certain qualities for personhood, what should you first ask?

A

Where did you get the list? Who gets to decide what qualities are on the list? What about lists that exclude black people, or Jews, or mentally defective, or LBGTQ, all examples of human nonpersons of the past? What makes one person’s list better than any other?

141
Q

Human worth transcends physical appearances, otherwise there’s no defense against ___ and ___

A

racism
ethnic cleansing

142
Q

When someone mentions a lack of abilities for personhood, how can you respond?

A

How many body parts or abilities can I lose or alter and still be myself? Doesn’t it seem no matter how many pieces I’m missing, as long as I’m still alive, I’ll still be me?

143
Q

If a human being’s value is determined by his abilities, then all those who are ___ are in danger

A

handicapped

144
Q

If personhood is reliant on dependency on another person for survival, then all who __ are disposable as nonpersons

A

rely on kidney machines, ventilators, nursing care

145
Q

What’s the basic three step pro-life strategy?

A

1) the unborn is alive
2) the unborn is a separate individual being
3) the unborn is a human being

146
Q

What’s a final parting salvo you can ask in an abortion discussion?

A

Were you ever an unborn child?

147
Q

__ alone frequently are not persuasive. The hunger for __ overwhelms good thinking.

A

Facts
autonomy

148
Q

The goal is not to win arguments but to __.

A

change minds

149
Q

What are three problems with the “my body, my choice” response?

A

It’s simply not true that people have the right to do whatever they want with their own bodies.

The unborn is not the mother’s body.

No one has the right to kill another human being because that individual interferes, even drastically, with their plans or pursuits.

150
Q

How could you respond?
It’s my body so it’s my choice.

A

I’m committed to individual liberty too, but you may be missing something. Do you think that principle always applies? What about present laws like traffic laws, trespassing, airport laws, laws against assault?
If you had a 2 year old but wanted to take a vacation with your husband, could you leave your son at home alone while you went to Tahiti since you can do whatever you want with your own body?
No. So it sounds like you’re saying you do have some obligations toward others that rightly restrict what you can do with your body? Sometimes restrictions to a person’s freedom are ok? So your initial statement is not true?

151
Q

How can you respond?
I’m for the right to abortion no matter the reason as long as the woman wants it.

A

In China, women abort female children all the time because they don’t want girls. Are you ok with that?
If a white woman discovered she has a mixed-race fetus and wanted a completely white baby, are you ok with that?
If scientists discovered a gay gene, are you ok if a mother would have an abortion because he may was gay?
So you want absolute control over a pregnancy. Some moms take drugs when they’re pregnant and that hurts their babies, sometimes causing birth defects. Are you ok with that?
As long as we are clear where your views lead you.

152
Q

What’s wrong with analogies like Thompson’s violinist?

A

Assumes that when a mother doesn’t volunteer to be pregnant, she has no more responsibility for her child than for a stranger. Even though we don’t choose our family members, that doesn’t mean we have no obligations toward them. Courts can still prosecute negligent parents and child support.j

153
Q

With abortion, a mother does not merely decline to help by passively withholding aid (as in violinist), but she __ another human being, her own child. There is a difference between the right to __ another and the right to __.

A

actively kills
refuse to help
kill him

154
Q

How could you respond?
No one should be forced to donate a kidney or even her time and energy to help someone else if she doesn’t want to = abortion.

A

If you encountered a sick patient who needed your kidney to survive, what are your options?
Help or not help.
But there is a third: you could kill him. That would remove the problem.
Of course that’s ridiculous, but isn’t that the option you have with abortion? You could choose to help the baby by carrying it to term. You can’t choose not to help; it’s not an option; you can’t just walk away. So you are left with the third option: you can kill it.
In abortion, your options are to carry it (help it) or kill it.

So on your view, a woman has a right to refuse to help if she wants. But why should she have the right to kill someone she doesn’t want to help?

155
Q

In a conversation of abortion and personhood, make a case for the unborn from the accepted idea of human rights.

A

Are you committed to the idea of human rights and human equality?
Do you think we all have an equal right to be protected from violence?
Gay people too? Black people? Handicapped? Homeless? Noisy infants with dirty diapers?
What about opossums? Do they have the same right to life as other humans?
So what do we all have in common that’s different from an opossum?
Humans.
So all those groups are members of what you might call the equal rights community? What about before they’re born?
No. That’s why I’m pro-choice.
Let’s go back to why you think all people have equal rights? What do we all share?
Self awareness?
Opossums are self aware, and newborn humans are not.
What I think, is our human nature. Our shared humanity wi the valuable thing that gives us human rights. That’s why racism and sexims are wrong - deprive people of rights based on differences that don’t matter to their value.
Isn’t human nature the same thing unborn humans have too?

156
Q

How could you respond?
You’re a guy. You don’t have a uterus. So be quiet.

A

True enough. But I’m not clear what difference that makes?
That confuses me. In a sentence, why do you think I object to abortion?
Because you say it kills a baby.
Right. So if it does kill a baby, why would it matter if a man or a woman objected?
Would you object if I was abusing my wife? But you’re not married to her. I am.
My point exactly - If you’re hurting someone else, that’s wrong. And it doesn’t matter who objects.

157
Q

How could you respond if you’re talking to a Bible-believing Christian who defends abortion?

A

Do you think God has an opinion on abortion?
Bible doesn’t talk about it.
You’re right. But it doesn’t mention things like child abuse either, and I know you’re convinced God doesn’t approve of that.
If I could show you that from God’s perspective, the unborn human is the same individual before he is born as after, would that change your view? If God’s Word were clear on this issue, would that be enough for you to change your mind?

Let’s look in Luke where Mary, who had just conceived Jesus, visits her cousin Elizabeth who is pregnant with John. The question we are thinking of is, is the baby before he’s born the same individual as after? And if so, then in God’s eyes, killing the baby before birth through abortion would be no different from killing the same baby after. Do not murder.

Elizabeth hears Mary’s voice, and her baby jumps for joy inside her. Who was the baby? John. How far along in pregnancy? 6 months. Why did John jump? Because Mary was there. Why was that significant to John? She was the mother of my Lord. Who would her Lord be? Jesus

So it says that John the Baptist jumped with joy in the presence of Jesus, all when John was a fetus and Jesus an embryo. Had Mary or Elizabeth had an abortion, who would they have killed? Jesus and John, which would have violated the 6th commandment.