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Worldview > Solid Grounds > Flashcards

Solid Grounds Flashcards

1
Q

Who won the gold medal in women’s boxing at the Paris Olympics on August 9, 2024?

A

Imane Khelif

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2
Q

What controversy surrounded Imane Khelif’s victory?

A

Allegations that Khelif wasn’t a woman but a man boxing against women

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3
Q

What was the argument from those defending Imane Khelif regarding her gender?

A

Khelif had no male genitals, therefore she was a woman

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4
Q

What is the commonsense definition of ‘woman’?

A

An adult human female

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5
Q

What did U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson say when asked to define ‘woman’?

A

I’m not a biologist

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6
Q

What does the current political climate often discourage regarding definitions of gender?

A

Candor about biological definitions of male and female

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7
Q

How have modern gender theory advocates altered the understanding of sex?

A

They argue there are more than two sexes or a spectrum of sexual identities

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8
Q

What does the biblical record state about God’s creation of humans?

A

God created man in His own image; male and female He created them (Gen. 1:27)

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9
Q

What gene is responsible for male sexual development?

A

SRY gene

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10
Q

What are the two types of gametes that human bodies can produce?

A
  • Sperm
  • Eggs
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11
Q

What is the condition of being intersex?

A

A broad range of chromosomal or anatomical variations affecting external sex characteristics

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12
Q

Does the existence of intersex individuals negate the sexual binary of male and female?

A

No, they represent variations within the sexual binary

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13
Q

What is a key takeaway regarding chromosomes and sex?

A

Chromosomes do not determine sex; the SRY gene does

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14
Q

What is a sound definition of ‘woman’?

A

An adult human being whose body is organized around the production, storage, and delivery of eggs, and the gestation of another human being

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15
Q

What are three empirically based methods to determine if someone is male or female?

A
  • Genitalia
  • Chromosomes
  • Genetic makeup
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16
Q

What does the presence of XY chromosomes typically specify?

A

Male sex

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17
Q

What does the presence of XX chromosomes typically specify?

A

Female sex

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18
Q

True or False: Sex is assigned at birth.

A

False

19
Q

Fill in the blank: Human bodies are designed to produce either _______ or _______.

A

sperm, eggs

20
Q

What is the relationship between the SRY gene and sex determination?

A

It triggers the development of male characteristics in embryos

21
Q

According to the text, what is a common misconception about intersex conditions?

A

They indicate a third sex or a spectrum of sexes

22
Q

What historical understanding of sex does the author argue has been confused by modern narratives?

A

That sex is binary, male or female

23
Q

What does the author claim about the definitions of ‘woman’ that have emerged in recent years?

A

They are either circular, absurd, or sound

24
Q

What example does the author use to illustrate absurdity in redefining personal identity?

A

Emile Ratelband identifying as a younger age

25
Q

What is the chromosomal standard for males and females?

A

XY for male and XX for female

26
Q

What gene specifically determines sex?

A

The SRY gene

27
Q

When is a person’s genetic makeup fixed?

A

At conception

28
Q

How is sex defined?

A

By the type of reproductive cells (gametes) a body is designed to produce

29
Q

What gametes do males and females produce?

A
  • Males produce sperm
  • Females produce eggs
30
Q

Was Imane Khelif allowed to compete as a female in boxing?

A

No, Khelif was disqualified from competing as a female

31
Q

What chromosomes does the International Boxing Association require for a female fighter?

A

XX chromosomes

32
Q

What condition was suggested for Khelif based on high testosterone levels and XY chromosomes?

A

Intersex condition

33
Q

What intersex condition was confirmed for Khelif?

A

5-ARD (5-alpha reductase deficiency)

34
Q

What is the primary effect of 5-ARD?

A

Prevents the conversion of testosterone into a chemical that masculinizes the male genitalia

35
Q

How do individuals with 5-ARD typically present externally?

A

Their genitals look more female

36
Q

What are the important takeaways regarding human sex?

A
  • Sex for Homo sapiens is binary
  • A woman is an adult human female
  • A man is an adult human male
37
Q

What determines sex in humans?

A

Genetics, specifically the presence or absence of a properly functioning SRY gene

38
Q

How is sex discovered?

A
  • Observation
  • Examining chromosomes
  • Genetic analysis
39
Q

True or False: Chromosomal variations like XXX, XXY, XYY indicate a third sex.

A

False

40
Q

What should be the appropriate response to intersex individuals?

A

To treat them with truth, love, and compassion

41
Q

What is emphasized about the value of individuals with intersex conditions?

A

They are made in the image of God and deserve dignity and respect

42
Q

What should Christians rely on when discussing issues of sex and gender?

A

Scientifically established principles

43
Q

Fill in the blank: Humans are either male or _______.

A

female

44
Q

What did former ambassador Alan Keyes suggest about moving forward in discussions?

A

To do our duty and leave the rest in God’s hands

Worldview (6 decks)

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