Strategies to Enhance Physical Performance on the Day of Competition (year 2) Flashcards
3 physiological factors that increase muscle power?
Temp
Motor unit recruitment
Anabolic Hormones(testosterone)
Competition day strategies: warm ups?
–Warm-up
- Muscle Temperature and Power
- Heat Loss Windows
- Passive and active Heat Maintenance
- Core Cooling, Muscle Warming
Competition day strategies: what’s the 2nd strategy?
–Post-activation Potentiation
Competition day strategies: –Hormonal Priming
- Video and coach feedback
* Morning Priming with exercise
meta analysis of warm ups: what did it prove?
79% studies were positive
17% were negative
4% pointless
•% Improvement varied widely from less than 1% through to nearly 20%
•Improvements seen in:
–Power
–High Intensity Intermittent
–Endurance
Warm-ups: Importance of Muscle Temperature:
Warm-up is influenced by intensity, duration and recovery–>performance effect mainly mediated by temperature-related mechanisms
Relationship between increase in Tm to increase PPO (velocity dependant) increase 1ºC Tm –4-12% increases PPO
warm-up mechanisms: temperature related benefits to physiology
–Greater release of oxygen from Hb and Mb
–Increased nerve conduction rate
–Changes in Contractile function (decreases passive stiffness between Actin-myosin bonds)
–Changes on Force-velocity curve
warm-up mechanisms: non-temperature related benefits to physiology
–Increased blood flow to and from muscles
–Elevation of baseline oxygen consumption
–PAP
–Psychological effects and increased preparedness
•Reported athletes who imagined a warm-up had an enhanced physiological performance
Temperature effects associated with warm-ups: increase in 02 delivery to muscles:
increase in 02 release from Hb as temp increases (same for Mb)
increase temp stimulates vasodilation of blood vessels and increase blood muscles flow.
Metabolic Effects of Active Warm-up: Elevation of Baseline V02
- Warm-up elevates baseline O2
- Therefore less initial work will be completed anaerobically leaving more anaerobic capacity for later (Fig. 4)
- Initial sparing of the anaerobic capacity should ↑TTE and ↑performance in tasks that require a significant anaerobic contribution
What are the heat Loss Windows on Competition Day?
–Time between end of WU and start of competition
–Half-time
–Substitutions
–Repeat Bouts
–Sin Bins
increase in body temp increases RSA how?
Increased O2 supply for ATP synthesis
Increase muscle contraction strength
increased nerve firing rate and conductivity (somatic and peripheral nervous system)
=faster running speed in first 4 sprints in test out of 6
why is Temperature increase in hot weather negatively effect performers
Leads to increase in body temp past critical point leading to negative performance.
one counter to increase in heat but to maintain body heat for increased power.
heat vests and ice slurry prior to start.
Substations on impact:
- Yet substitutes come onto a field where other players have been active at the game intensity for many minutes
- Data suggests the substitutes have to cover more distance, faster to get into the game and don’t have the same KPI success as the player they replaced until around 20 min has elapsed
