STRAT MIDTERMS QUIZ Flashcards
3 LEARNING BASED ON SCHEMA THEORY
ACCRETION
TUNING
RESTRUCTURING
MODELS OF INFORMATION PROCESSES
LEVEL OF PROCESSING THEORY
THE PARALLEL DISTRIBUTING MODEL
CONNECTIONISTIC MODEL
STAGE THEORY OF INFORMATION PROCESSING
INFORMATION IS BOTH PROCESSED AND STORED IN 3 STAGES
SENSORY MEMORY
SHORT-TERM MEMORY
LONG-TERM MEMORY
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
ATTENTIONAL PROCESSES
RETENTION PROCESSES
REPRODUCTION
MOTIVATION
8 TYPES OF LEARNING
- SIGNAL LEARNING
- STIMULUS RESPONSE LEARNING
- CHAINING
- VERBAL ASSOCIATION
- DISCRIMINATION LEARNING
- CONCEPT LEARNING
- RULE LEARNING
- PROBLEM SOLVING
MEMLETIC LEARNING STYLE MODEL
- VISUAL
- AURAL
- VERBAL
- PHYSICAL
- LOGICAL
- SOCIAL
- SOLITARY
DUNN AND DUNN LEARNING STYLE
- ENVIRONMENTAL
- EMOTIONAL
- SOCIOLOGICAL
- PHYSIOLOGICAL
- PSYCHOLOGICAL
KOLB’S LEARNING STYLE MODEL
1.CONCRETE EXPERIENCE ABILITIES
2. REFLECTIVE OBSERVATION ABILITIES
3. ABSTRACT CONCEPTUALIZATION ABILITIES
4. ACTIVE EXPEIMENTATION ABILITIES
THEORISTS
JOHN WATSON
WATSON AND GUTHRIE
THORNDIKE AND SKINNER
BREUER
FEDEN
AUSUBEL
Concepts and propositions that explain why people learn & predict what circumstances they will learn
LEARNING THEORIES
- Earliest formal theories for learning
- used for children
- focused on studying thoughts and feelings, fears, and phobias
BEHAVIORIST THEORIES
Defined bahovior as a muscle movement
Began studying behavior because it is more objective
John Watson
- Contiguity theory
- Believed that even a skill such as walking is learned through a series of conditioned responses
Watson and Guthrie
- Reinforcement theory
- Proposed that stimulus response bonds ar strengthened by reinforcements such as rewards or punishment
THORNDIKE AND SKINNER
Study of how our brains work in the process of perceiving, thinking, remember, & learning
COGNITIVE SCIENCE
- Used to describe a subset of this field of study
- Explains the way that information is handled once it enters the sensed & how it’s organized and stored
Information Processing
An active process where learner constructs meaning based on prior knowledge & view of the world
Learning (in cognitive perspective)
Learning is a process whereby the novice becomes expert
BREUER
An active process which the learner constructs meaning based on prior knowledge and view of the world
FEDEN
- Develope earliest model of cognitive learning
- The Subsumption theory of meaningful verbal learning
- New information is subsumed into existing thought and memory structures
AUSUBEL
- The learning facts
- New infos added to existing schemata
- No changes to existing knowledge
ACCRETION
- Schema evolution
- Existing schemas evolve/refine throughout the lifespan as new situations & issues are encountered
TUNING
- Schema creation
- Development if new schemata by copying an old schema & adding new different elements to create a new schema
RESTRUCTURING
Information is processed sequentially, from perception attention to labelling & meaning
Level of Processing Theory
Information is processed by different parts of the memory system simultaneously rather than sequential
The Parallel Distributing Model
Information is stored in any place throughout the brain, forming a network of connections
Connectionistic Model
Fleeting/passing swiftly
SENSORY MEMORY
Needs interest & retains indefinitely if rehearsed or meaningful
Short-term memory
Use of mnemonic device
Long-term memory
- Explains that behavior is the result of an interaction among the person (personalities) to the environment (physical, social, etc) and the behavior itself
Observational Learning Theory
The behavior of the model must grab the learner’s attention to notice the behavior & to implement observational learning
ATTENTIONAL PROCESSES
How well behavior is remembered
Retention processes
The ability to execute the model’s behavior
Reproduction
Through valued outcomes (rewards) rather than punishment
MOTIVATION
Simplest level of learning
Person develops a gen diffuse reaction to a stimulus
SIGNAL LEARNING
Developing voluntary response to a specific stimulus of stimuli
Stimulus Response Learning
Acquisition of a series of related conditioned responses or stimulus response connections
CHAINING
- Types of chaining
- Process of learning medical terminology
VERBAL ASSOCIATION
- More new chains learned = easier to forget previous chains
- To retain many of chains, need to discriminate among them
DISCRIMINATION LEARNING
Learn how to classify stimuli into groups represented by a common concept
Concept Learning
- Rule chain of concepts / a relationship between
- Expressed as “if.. & then..” relationships
RULE LEARNING
- Highest level
- Applying previously learned rules which relate to the situation
- Formulation & testing hypotheses
PROBLEM SOLVING
Reflexive or automatic type of learning where a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that’s originally evoked by other stimulus
PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING / RESPONDENT CONDITIONING
a process that attempts to modify behavior using positive & negative reinforcement
OPERANT CONDITIONING
The habitual manner where learners receive & perceive information, process, understand, value, store and recal it
LEARNING / COGNITIVE STYLES
Recognizes that everyone prefers to learn in different ways
MEMLETIC LEARNING STYLE MODEL
most people can learn, and each individual has their own unique ways of mastering new & difficult subject matter
Dunn & Dunn Learning Style Model
Som people study in a cool and quiet room,while others cannot focus unless they have music playing
Environmental
Some people work best when motivated and encouraged, while some feel motivated when assigned to lead and assume responsibility
Emotional
A number of people need to work alone when tackling a new and difficult subject, while others learn best when working with colleagues
Sociological
Some people prefer to study at night accomplishing more in a quiet environment still others find it easier to complete tasks in the morning as a part of the daily routine
PHYSIOLOGICAL
Global learners prefer to work in an environment with soft lighting and informal seating. Analytic learners prefer to work in an environment with bright lighting and formal seating
PSYCHOLOGICAL
prefer to work in an environment with soft lighting and informal seating
GLOBAL LEARNERS
prefer to work in an environment with bright lighting and formal seating
ANALYTIC LEARNERS
Learning from actual experience
Concrete experience abilities
Learning by observing others
Reflective observation abilities
Creates theories to explain what is seen
Abstract conceptualization abilities
Use theories to solve problems
Active experimentation abilities
- Introduced in 1968
- term used by American educator Malcolm Shepherd Knowles
- synonymous to adult education
ANDRAGODY
- Child learning
- Teacher - centered learning
PEDAGOGY
Adult brain starts to become lazy at what age
25 y/o
