Strand 3: social and economic problems of urbanisation Flashcards
What is cultural diversity
Existence of variety of cultural/ethical groups within a society
What is economic inequality
Difference between levels of living standards and income
Social segregation
Groups of people living apart from the larger population for a verity of factors
What is urban social exclusion
Economic and social problems faced by residents in areas of multipolar deprivation
What is poverty
Referring to a poor standard of living. Those living in less then $1.90 a day
What is inequality
Economic/social differences between people at a variety of scales
What factors lead to inequality in urban areas
- education
- culture(migrants with different languages and cultures)
- economic (availability of jobs and pay)
- religion(some religions are favoured/resented in some areas)
- housing
- health
What are social issues
- crime
- poverty
- housing
- education
- healthcare
- unemployment
- dereliction
What are economic issues
- unemployment
- poverty
- deindustrialisation
- wages stagnation
- wealth inequality
- housing prices
How can we solve economic issues
- affordable housing (the gov. Plan to create 130,000 houses at a lower rate by 2026)
- living wage
- public transport (eg:making it easier to obtain season ticket loans, tax free travel for low income)
- low skilled workers (offer apprenticeship)
How to solve social issues
- education (pupil premium,
- fairness commission (set out to tackle inequality and poverty at a local scale; raising wages, improving accessibly of transport, changing practice of private landlords)
- environment(controls waste management and emissions into air)
Why are cities more diverse
- immigrants
- jobs available
- safety in number m(families within religions)
- tolerance
- cheap
Why does segregation occur
-self segregation
: where the individuals take themselves away to a certain area -forced segregation : where housing services or other external factors create a segregated urban area
What is community cohesion
The ability of our local communities to be inclusive and supportive towards people of all culture, ethnicities, identities and beliefs.
What are the economic issues with cultural diversity
-economic issues(ethnic minorities may have lower pay, migrants usually meet labour shortage, racial tension)
What are the educational issues with cultural diversity
-education(different languages, schools often dominated by one ethnic group, different religious needs)
What are the housing issues with cultural diversity
- separation fo different cultures
- ethnic minorities are less successful at getting a mortgage
- multiple occupancy
What are the health issues with cultural diversity
-having to meet certain unique social, cultural and linguistic needs of patients
What are the religious issues with cultural diversity
- may cause conflict
- can create racism
What are the gender issues with cultural diversity
- women from some cultures who may be considered as careers may be disadvantaged
- homophobia, sexism
- may not have resources to provide for non binary or transgender people
What are the food,culture, music, sport issues with cultural diversity
- hard to provide for so many different cultures
- schools may not know what food to provide for different cultures or may not be able to afford
What are the language issues with cultural diversity
- less communication
- effects jobs, health, and education
- barrier to mixing
Possible solutions to economic issues
- child benefits
- free school meals
- benefits
- taxes for richer
Possible solutions to education issues
- pupil premium
- life learning
- black history month
- English 2nd language get extra money
- block radicalisation
Possible solutions to housing issues
- Council houses
- cheaper housing
- smaller interest rates
Possible solutions to religious issues
- prayer rooms available in schools and workplaces
- provide female doctors for women
Possible solutions to gender issues
- equality act
- allow all genders to have jobs, education and healthcare
- provide same pay for women
- legal action against gender discrimination
Possible solutions to food,culture, music, sport issues
- taking the knee
- Mobos music award for black artists
- non gender categories
Possible solutions to language issues
- teachers who are bilingual
- languages available in health care
