Strand 1: urbanisation

Question 1

What is urbanisation

Answer 1

The growth in proportion of a country’s population living in urban areas

Question 2

What are the 4 stages of urbanisation

Answer 2

Stage 1: urbanisation (movement form rural to urban)
Stage2:suburbanisation (the outward spread of built up area to outer area of a city(houses, factories)
Stage3:urban sprawl(continue outspread into suburban towns and villages that are now within the city)
Stage4:counter-urbanisation(movement from cities to villages/towns)

Question 3

What is stage 5 of urbanisation

Answer 3

Re-urbanisation ( movement of people from cities to villages to cities again)

Question 4

What is urban growth

Answer 4

The increase in the total population of a town or city

Question 5

What are HIC, LIC, NEEs urbanisation speed?

Answer 5

HIC: slower (NA+Europe are most urbanised)
LIC: quick(Africa is least urbanised but urbanising quickly)
NEE:quickest (Asia urbanisation is low but rapidly increasing)

Question 6

What is a mega city

Answer 6

Is an metropolitan area with a total population of 10 million+. 38 mega cities globally.

Question 7

What makes a world city

Answer 7

Cities which are seen to have an important role in the global economic system with prestige, status, power and influence

Question 8

What makes a world city

DTEPC

Answer 8

• demographic (population,education,ethnic diversity)
• technological (travel by air, communication links, research and development)
• economic ( international banking, equity market, transnational corporations)
• political(demographic government, international governing bodies m, national and local levels of ambitions)
• cultural(arts and entertainment, rich heritage, universities)

Question 9

What are causes of urban growth(What physically caused it)

Answer 9

• Natural increase (more birth then death rates)

- rural to urban migration

Question 10

When did suburbanisation happen and by who

Answer 10

-1800-1900 rapid growth form industrialisation
-post war period
(Movement of factories and houses from cities to suburbs)
-mainly middle class and white flight

Question 11

Causes of suburbanisation

Answer 11

• de-centralisation (shifts of jobs to services)
• attractions of edge of city location
• de industrialisation (loss of manufacturing and workers had to move outward)
• technology(transport, working from home)

Question 12

What are the effects of suburbanisation

Positive or negative From inner cities or suburbs

Answer 12

• urban sprawl(unrestricted growth)
• cheaper land in suburbs
• edge cities
• traffic congestion
• gentrification (run down areas are rebuilt
• urban decay
• growth of commuting

Question 13

What are pull and push

Answer 13

Pull: what draws someone to a place
Push: what pushes people away from a place

Question 14

Problems of de-industrilisation

Answer 14

• loss of jobs
• social problems
• abandoned factories
• lower economy (less workers)

Question 15

Push and pull factors that cause suburbanisation of industry and jobs

Answer 15

-pull: cheaper land in LIC, can pay workers less as you don’t have to pay wages suitable for city life, more low skilled workers as they can’t afford cities live in suburbs
Push: expensive land, educated people didn’t want low skilled jobs, higher costs due to higher minimum wage and expenses

Question 16

Counterurbanisation and who leaves

Answer 16

Movement of people from urban areas into the rural areas surrounding the city. Most wealthy and Mobil move

Question 17

Push and pull factors of counterurbanisation

Answer 17

• push: pollution, crime , congestion, not good schools, more expensive housing
• pull: rural dream, estate agents and housing development encourage outward movement

Question 18

What is a suburban village

Answer 18

Village that is built from suburbanisation

Question 19

What is gentrification

Answer 19

A poor area is redeveloped into new and expensive housing by rich and wealthy people (Islington)

Question 20

Reasons for decline in manufacturing

Answer 20

• mechanisation
• competition form abroad
• reduce demand for traditional products

Question 21

What is primary, secondary and tertiary jobs

Answer 21

Primary : collecting of raw materials(farming,mining)
Secondary: turning raw materials into products(manufacturing)
Tertiary: services (teaching, nurses, builder)