Strabismus Flashcards
What is meant by antagonist-agonist muscles?
These are muscles which are found on the same eye but move the eye in different directions e.g. MR and LR
What is meant by the term synergist muscles?
These are muscles in the same eye which work to move the eye in the same direction e.g. Inferior rectus and Superior orbital both depress the eye
What orbital muscles are innervation by CNIII
Superior Rectus
Inferior Rectus
Medial Rectus
Inferior Oblique
What orbital muscle is innervated by CNIV
Superior rectus
What orbital muscle is innervated by CNVI
Lateral Rectus
What muscle primarily elevates the eye?
Superior Rectus
What muscle is responsible primarily for depressing the eye?
Inferior rectus
What muscle primarily adducts the eye?
Medial rectus
What muscle primarily abducts the eye?
Lateral rectus
What muscle is primarily responsible for the intorsion of the eye?
Superior oblique
What muscle is primarily responsible for the extorsion of the eye?
Inferior oblique
What is meant by the term yolk muscles?
These are the muscles which are responsible for moving both eyes in the same direction? e.g. right LR and Left MR are responsible for moving the eyes to the right
What does Hering’s Law state?
That yolk muscles in a particular direction of gaze receive equal stimulus and simultaneous flow of innervations.
What does Sherrington’s Law state?
An increase in the innervation of one muscle results in a decrease to the innervation of the antagonist muscle.
What is meant by Amblyopia?
This is when the visual acuity is reduced in the early years of life (<8) due to developmental failure of the visual pathway between the eye and the occipital lobe’s visual cortex.
(Usually unilateral)