Stomach Flashcards
What is the most dilated part of the GI tract?
The stomach - it acts as a food blender and reservoir
What does the low pH environment of the stomach provide?
Gastric secretions which aids digestion and provides an important physiological barrier against pathogens
Where does the stomach lie?
Below the diaphragm to the left of the abdominal cavity
What does the stomach enter into?
The duodenum at the pyloric orifice
What are the different parts of the stomach?
Fundus, body, greater curvature, lesser curvature, antrum, plyorus and pyloric sphincter
Describe the secretions of the stomach
Highly acidic and contain factors that influence digestion
What do the Fundus and body secrete?
Acid from the parietal cells and pepsin precursor pepsinogen from chief cells
What does the antral region (antrum) produce?
Endocrine secretions which control gastric secretions as well as gastric motility
What are some types of endocrine secretions?
Gastrin, histamine and somatostatin
What layers does the stomach have?
Circulation, longitudinal layers of smooth muscles and an oblique layer of smooth muscle that allows distension of the stomach
What is the lining of the stomach protected by?
It is protected by the epithelium and mucus cells
What is found inside the epithelium?
Columnar epithelia and tight junctions which prevents damage to underling tissues from acid secretions
How does the mucosa provide a mechanical barrier?
By the secretion of the alkaline mucus layer by mucous cells
